arXiv:2603.21882cs.CV2026-03中稿 · IGARSS 2026被引 1

将先进立体匹配模型融入卫星影像处理流程,提升地表模型精度。

Deep S2P: Integrating Learning Based Stereo Matching Into the Satellite Stereo Pipeline

  • 改造卫星立体处理流程的校正阶段,适配学习型立体匹配器。
  • 地表模型精度显著提升,但传统误差指标出现饱和现象。
  • 适合关注高精度遥感建模与算法落地的研究者和工程师。

从卫星影像生成数字表面模型是地球观测的核心任务,通常采用经典立体匹配算法在卫星立体处理管道(S2P)中实现。尽管近期基于学习的立体匹配方法在标准基准上达到最先进性能,但由于视角几何和视差假设差异,其在实际卫星流水线中的集成仍具挑战。本文将 StereoAnywhere、MonSter、Foundation Stereo 及一个针对卫星优化的 MonSter 变体集成进 S2P 流水线,通过调整校正阶段以保证一致的视差极性和范围。我们公开了对应代码,支持大规模地球观测工作流的可复现使用。实验表明,在卫星影像上,该方法相较传统的基于代价体积的算法在数字表面模型精度上持续提升,但常用指标如均绝对误差表现出饱和效应。定性结果揭示几何细节更丰富、结构更锐利,凸显评估策略需更贴近感知与结构保真度。同时,所有模型在植被等复杂地表上的表现仍有限,表明学习型立体匹配在自然环境中的开放挑战依然存在。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Digital Surface Model generation from satellite imagery is a core task in Earth observation and is commonly addressed using classical stereoscopic matching algorithms in satellite pipelines as in the Satellite Stereo Pipeline (S2P). While recent learning-based stereo matchers achieve state-of-the-art performance on standard benchmarks, their integration into operational satellite pipelines remains challenging due to differences in viewing geometry and disparity assumptions. In this work, we integrate several modern learning-based stereo matchers, including StereoAnywhere, MonSter, Foundation Stereo, and a satellite fine-tuned variant of MonSter, into the Satellite Stereo Pipeline, adapting the rectification stage to enforce compatible disparity polarity and range. We release the corresponding code to enable reproducible use of these methods in large-scale Earth observation workflows. Experiments on satellite imagery show consistent improvements over classical cost-volume-based approaches in terms of Digital Surface Model accuracy, although commonly used metrics such as mean absolute error exhibit saturation effects. Qualitative results reveal substantially improved geometric detail and sharper structures, highlighting the need for evaluation strategies that better reflect perceptual and structural fidelity. At the same time, performance over challenging surface types such as vegetation remains limited across all evaluated models, indicating open challenges for learning-based stereo in natural environments.

立体匹配遥感建模卫星影像深度学习

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