用街景图自动估测人行道宽度,误差仅25厘米。
UrbanVGGT: Scalable Sidewalk Width Estimation from Street View Images
- 结合语义分割与3D重建,通过相机高度校准尺度。
- 在华盛顿特区数据集上平均误差0.252米,95.5%结果在0.5米内。
- 适合城市规划、交通研究者快速获取大范围人行道数据。
人行道宽度是衡量行人可达性、舒适度与路网质量的重要指标,但多数城市缺乏大规模宽度数据。现有方法多依赖昂贵实地调查、高分辨率航拍影像或简化几何假设,限制了可扩展性或引入系统误差。本文提出UrbanVGGT,一种仅需单张街景图像即可估算米级人行道宽度的测量流程。该方法融合语义分割、前馈3D重建、自适应地面平面拟合、基于相机高度的尺度校准及恢复平面上的方向宽度测量。在华盛顿特区的真实标注基准上,UrbanVGGT实现均绝对误差0.252米,95.5%的估计值与参考值相差小于0.50米。消融实验表明,米级尺度校准是最关键环节;与其它几何主干对比验证了整体设计的有效性。作为可行性演示,我们将在三座城市应用该流程,生成包含527个OpenStreetMap路段的原型数据集SV-SideWidth。结果表明,街景图像可支持可扩展的人行道宽度属性生成,但跨城市验证与本地真实数据核查仍需加强,方可作为权威规划依据。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sidewalk width is an important indicator of pedestrian accessibility, comfort, and network quality, yet large-scale width data remain scarce in most cities. Existing approaches typically rely on costly field surveys, high-resolution overhead imagery, or simplified geometric assumptions that limit scalability or introduce systematic error. To address this gap, we present UrbanVGGT, a measurement pipeline for estimating metric sidewalk width from a single street-view image. The method combines semantic segmentation, feed-forward 3D reconstruction, adaptive ground-plane fitting, camera-height-based scale calibration, and directional width measurement on the recovered plane. On a ground-truth benchmark from Washington, D.C., UrbanVGGT achieves a mean absolute error of 0.252 m, with 95.5% of estimates within 0.50 m of the reference width. Ablation experiments show that metric scale calibration is the most critical component, and controlled comparisons with alternative geometry backbones support the effectiveness of the overall design. As a feasibility demonstration, we further apply the pipeline to three cities and generate SV-SideWidth, a prototype sidewalk-width dataset covering 527 OpenStreetMap street segments. The results indicate that street-view imagery can support scalable generation of candidate sidewalk-width attributes, while broader cross-city validation and local ground-truth auditing remain necessary before deployment as authoritative planning data.
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