欧盟拟建独立AI监管机构，强化科技主权与全球协作
From the AI Act to a European AI Agency: Completing the Union's Regulatory Architecture
- 建议设立超国家级AI监管机构，统一协调政策
- 提升风险评估能力，保障AI发展合规性
- 助力欧盟实现数字主权，适合政策制定者参考
随着人工智能技术持续演进，建立有效的风险评估、监管与监督机制至关重要，以确保AI发展与部署符合伦理原则，同时维护创新与经济竞争力。欧盟《人工智能法案》的通过标志着重要进展，确立了统一的法律框架，包含详尽的AI治理条款，并设立欧洲AI办公室。本文重新审视是否仍有必要建立更强大的跨国级AI监管机构，探讨此类机构如何增强政策一致性、提升风险评估能力并促进国际合作。文章还指出，强化欧盟层面的监管机构将有助于实现其战略目标——保障数字与技术主权。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continue to advance, effective risk assessment, regulation, and oversight are necessary to ensure that AI development and deployment align with ethical principles while preserving innovation and economic competitiveness. The adoption of the EU AI Act marks an important step in this direction, establishing a harmonised legal framework that includes detailed provisions on AI governance, as well as the creation of the European AI Office. This paper revisits the question of whether a more robust supranational agency dedicated to AI is still warranted and explores how such a body could enhance policy coherence, improve risk assessment capacities, and foster international cooperation. It also argues that a strengthened EU-level agency would also serve the Union's strategic aim of securing digital and technological sovereignty.
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