欧盟人工智能法案以人权为核心，构建风险分级治理框架。
The EU AI Act and the Rights-based Approach to Technological Governance
- 将基本权利嵌入AI全生命周期，作为法律门槛与程序触发点
- 明确权利保护为法定要求，非仅口号性目标
- 为全球科技治理提供可借鉴的权责平衡范本
欧盟人工智能法案是塑造欧盟数字监管架构的重要进展。该法案将基本权利置于风险导向治理框架的核心位置。本文分析了该法案如何制度化人工智能的人本主义方法，并指出其条款明示或隐含地嵌入了《欧盟基本权利宪章》所保障的权利保护。文章认为，基本权利不仅是理想目标，更是贯穿人工智能系统全生命周期的法律阈值和程序触发机制。分析表明，该法案有潜力成为保障权利的人工智能系统典范，尽管实施层面仍面临挑战。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The EU AI Act constitutes an important development in shaping the Union's digital regulatory architecture. The Act places fundamental rights at the heart of a risk-based governance framework. The article examines how the AI Act institutionalises a human-centric approach to AI and how the AI Act's provisions explicitly and implicitly embed the protection of rights enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. It argues that fundamental rights function not merely as aspirational goals, but as legal thresholds and procedural triggers across the lifecycle of an AI system. The analysis suggests that the AI Act has the potential to serve as a model for rights-preserving AI systems, while acknowledging that challenges will emerge at the level of implementation.
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