新方法用动态安全区优化拦截路径,更短更快且全程安全。
Engagement-Zone-Aware Input-Constrained Guidance for Safe Target Interception in Contested Environments
- 以防御者威胁区构建动态安全约束,结合执行器饱和模型。
- 相比传统方法,拦截路径缩短23%,时间减少18%以上。
- 仅需相对信息,适合分布式多防御场景,无需知对手控制量。
针对存在多个防御者的对抗环境中的目标拦截问题,本文提出一种输入受限的引导策略。传统方法基于最大交战距离设定保守安全距离,忽略拦截器执行器限制。本文改用防御者引发的交战区(Engagement Zone, EZ)定义安全约束,并在车辆模型中引入输入饱和动力学。通过引入时变安全集收紧参数,补偿执行器动态导致的瞬时约束违反。为实现多防御者场景下的可扩展安全控制,采用log-sum-exp算子构造平滑聚合安全函数,融合各防御者威胁度。设计了一种平滑切换引导策略:远离威胁边界时直接追击目标,接近时逐步启动规避动作。所提控制器仅依赖相对测量,无需知晓防御者控制输入,支持完全分布式与可扩展部署。严格分析证明了目标拦截、实际安全及执行器约束满足的充分条件。此外,还开发了基于保守站位距离的传统引导律用于量化最大距离法的安全性保守程度。仿真显示,该方法在静止和机动防御者场景下,均能实现更短路径与更少拦截时间,全程保持安全。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We address target interception in contested environments in the presence of multiple defenders whose interception capability is limited by finite ranges. Conventional methods typically impose conservative stand-off constraints based on maximum engagement distance and neglect the interceptors' actuator limitations. Instead, we formulate safety constraints using defender-induced engagement zones. To account for actuator limits, the vehicle model is augmented with input saturation dynamics. A time-varying safe-set tightening parameter is introduced to compensate for transient constraint violations induced by actuator dynamics. To ensure scalable safety enforcement in multi-defender scenarios, a smooth aggregate safety function is constructed using a log-sum-exp operator combining individual threat measures associated with each defender's capability. A smooth switching guidance strategy is then developed to coordinate interception and safety objectives. The attacker pursues the target when sufficiently distant from threat boundaries and progressively activates evasive motion as the EZ boundaries are approached. The resulting controller relies only on relative measurements and does not require knowledge of defender control inputs, thus facilitating a fully distributed and scalable implementation. Rigorous analysis provides sufficient conditions guaranteeing target interception, practical safety with respect to all defender engagement zones, and satisfaction of actuator bounds. An input-constrained guidance law based on conservative stand-off distance is also developed to quantify the conservatism of maximum-range-based safety formulations. Simulations with stationary and maneuvering defenders demonstrate that the proposed formulation yields shorter interception paths and reduced interception time compared with conventional methods while maintaining safety throughout the engagement.
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