arXiv:2603.23672cs.ROcs.CV2026-03

用仿生事件视觉伺服,让地面机器人低延迟精准控制。

Bio-Inspired Event-Based Visual Servoing for Ground Robots

  • 基于动态视觉传感器,用固定空间核处理异步事件流,直接提取运动状态。
  • 线性/二次空间模式分别解耦速度与位置-速度乘积,误差率低于5%。
  • 仿生循环控制器克服平衡点观测失效,适合资源受限的实时系统。

生物感官系统具有内在适应性,能过滤恒定刺激并优先响应相对变化,可能提升计算与代谢效率。受多种动物主动感知行为启发,本文提出一种针对地面机器人在结构化环境中的1维事件视觉伺服框架。利用动态视觉传感器(DVS),我们证明:对由结构化对数强度变化模式生成的异步事件流应用固定空间核,可使净事件通量解析地分离特定运动状态组合。建立了该事件率估计器的广义理论边界,表明线性与二次空间轮廓分别隔离了机器人的速度和位置-速度乘积。基于此特性,通过多模式刺激直接合成非线性状态反馈项,无需传统状态估计。为克服事件感知固有的平衡点线性可观测性丧失问题,提出一种仿生主动感知极限环控制器。在1/10尺度自主地面车辆上的实验验证了所提方法的有效性、极低延迟及计算高效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Biological sensory systems are inherently adaptive, filtering out constant stimuli and prioritizing relative changes, likely enhancing computational and metabolic efficiency. Inspired by active sensing behaviors across a wide range of animals, this paper introduces a principled 1D event-based visual servoing framework for ground robots operating in structured environments. Utilizing a Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS), we demonstrate that by applying a fixed spatial kernel to the asynchronous event stream generated from structured logarithmic intensity-change patterns, the resulting net event flux analytically isolates specific combinations of kinematic states. We establish a generalized theoretical bound for this event rate estimator and show that linear and quadratic spatial profiles isolate the robot's velocity and position-velocity product, respectively. Leveraging these properties, we employ a multi-pattern stimulus to directly synthesize a nonlinear state feedback term entirely without traditional state estimation. To overcome the inescapable loss of linear observability at equilibrium inherent in event sensing, we propose a bio-inspired active sensing limit-cycle controller. Experimental validation on a 1/10-scale autonomous ground vehicle confirms the efficacy, extreme low-latency, and computational efficiency of the proposed direct-sensing approach.

事件视觉视觉伺服仿生控制

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