用未校准的数字孪生辅助,少测几下就能准确预测无线信道统计。
Digital Twin-Assisted Measurement Design and Channel Statistics Prediction
- 用开源地图生成的数字孪生提供几何先验,结合少量实测数据
- 仅需少量测量即可实现全区域信道统计预测,精度提升明显
- 适合资源受限场景,如物联网部署与智能城市规划
无线信道及其统计特性的预测是保障无线系统性能的关键。基于高斯过程(GPs)的统计无线电地图提供了灵活的非参数框架,但其性能高度依赖均值函数和协方差函数的选择。这些函数通常从密集测量中学习,而未利用环境几何结构。无线环境的数字孪生(DTs)可融入几何信息,但需昂贵校准才能准确反映材料与传播特性。本文提出一种混合信道预测框架,利用开源地图生成的未经校准数字孪生,提取由几何结构诱导的先验信息用于高斯过程预测。该结构先验与少量信道测量融合,实现全环境信道统计的数据高效预测。通过高斯过程固有的不确定性量化,框架可指导在资源受限条件下选择最具信息量的探测位置。该方法结合不完美数字孪生与统计学习,在降低测量开销的同时提升预测精度,为资源高效无线信道预测提供可行路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Prediction of wireless channels and their statistics is a fundamental procedure for ensuring performance guarantees in wireless systems. Statistical radio maps powered by Gaussian processes (GPs) offer flexible, non-parametric frameworks, but their performance depends critically on the choice of mean and covariance functions. These are typically learned from dense measurements without exploiting environmental geometry. Digital twins (DTs) of wireless environments leverage computational power to incorporate geometric information; however, they require costly calibration to accurately capture material and propagation characteristics. This work introduces a hybrid channel prediction framework that leverages uncalibrated DTs derived from open-source maps to extract geometry-induced prior information for GP prediction. These structural priors are fused with a small number of channel measurements, enabling data-efficient prediction of channel statistics across the entire environment. By exploiting the uncertainty quantification inherent to GPs, the framework supports principled measurement selection by identifying informative probing locations under resource constraints. Through this integration of imperfect DTs with statistical learning, the proposed method reduces measurement overhead, improves prediction accuracy, and establishes a practical approach for resource-efficient wireless channel prediction.
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