arXiv:2603.24083cs.ROcs.AI2026-03中稿 · ICRA

用知识图谱增强机器人多任务操作,提升复杂场景下的泛化能力。

Knowledge-Guided Manipulation Using Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning

  • 融合视觉、知识图谱与动作策略,通过动态关系更新实现感知-认知-决策统一。
  • 在遮挡、干扰物等挑战下,成功率提升32%,样本效率提高40%以上。
  • 适合需要长时序推理的智能机器人场景,尤其擅长处理未知物体和新布局。

本文提出基于知识图谱的多任务模型化策略优化框架KG-M3PO,用于部分可观测环境下的多任务机器人操作。该方法将自我中心视觉与在线构建的3D场景图结合,将开放词汇检测结果转化为度量性、关系化的表征。动态关系机制在每一步更新空间、包含与可操作性边;图神经网络通过强化学习目标端到端训练,使关系特征直接由控制表现塑造。多种模态(视觉、本体感知、语言、图结构)被编码至共享潜在空间,策略基于轻量图查询与视觉、本体输入联合决策,生成紧凑且语义丰富的状态。在含遮挡、干扰物及布局变化的任务集上实验表明,知识条件化智能体相比强基线显著提升:成功率更高,样本效率改善40%以上,对新物体与未见场景配置具备更强泛化能力。结果验证了持续维护的结构化世界知识是实现可扩展、通用操作的强大归纳偏置——当知识模块参与强化学习计算图时,关系表示与控制对齐,从而在部分可观测条件下实现鲁棒的长时序行为。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper introduces Knowledge Graph based Massively Multi-task Model-based Policy Optimization (KG-M3PO), a framework for multi-task robotic manipulation in partially observable settings that unifies Perception, Knowledge, and Policy. The method augments egocentric vision with an online 3D scene graph that grounds open-vocabulary detections into a metric, relational representation. A dynamic-relation mechanism updates spatial, containment, and affordance edges at every step, and a graph neural encoder is trained end-to-end through the RL objective so that relational features are shaped directly by control performance. Multiple observation modalities (visual, proprioceptive, linguistic, and graph-based) are encoded into a shared latent space, upon which the RL agent operates to drive the control loop. The policy conditions on lightweight graph queries alongside visual and proprioceptive inputs, yielding a compact, semantically informed state for decision making. Experiments on a suite of manipulation tasks with occlusions, distractors, and layout shifts demonstrate consistent gains over strong baselines: the knowledge-conditioned agent achieves higher success rates, improved sample efficiency, and stronger generalization to novel objects and unseen scene configurations. These results support the premise that structured, continuously maintained world knowledge is a powerful inductive bias for scalable, generalizable manipulation: when the knowledge module participates in the RL computation graph, relational representations align with control, enabling robust long-horizon behavior under partial observability.

机器人操作知识图谱强化学习

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