arXiv:2603.24598math.OCcs.LG2026-03

车辆动态安全控制新方法,能自适应应对模型误差与环境不确定性。

Response-Aware Risk-Constrained Control Barrier Function With Application to Vehicles

  • 融合车辆响应信号与先验动力学,构建不确定性传播模型。
  • 引入CVaR理论,将安全约束转为尾部风险概率控制,每步违规概率≤2%。
  • 适合高精度自动驾驶控制,尤其在路面条件未知时表现优异。

本文提出一种基于响应感知风险约束控制屏障函数的统一控制框架,用于车辆动态安全边界控制。针对物理模型参数不匹配问题,该框架融合名义动力学先验与车辆本体直接响应,构建不确定性传播模型;利用简化单轨动力学提供控制梯度基准,并通过车身响应信号的统计分析覆盖模型偏差,从而摆脱对路表附着系数精确在线估计的依赖。引入条件风险价值(CVaR)理论,将传统确定性安全约束转化为屏障函数导数的尾部风险概率约束。结合基于逆威沙特先验的贝叶斯在线学习机制,实时识别环境噪声协方差,自适应调整安全裕度,缓解先验参数失配下的性能损失。最后,在控制李雅普诺夫函数基础上,构建统一的二阶锥规划(SOCP)控制器。理论分析证明了序列凸规划收敛至局部KKT点,并提供每步的概率安全边界。高保真动力学仿真表明,在极端工况下,该方法不仅消除传统方法的输出发散现象,还在安全性和跟踪性能上实现帕累托改进;在选定风险水平下,每步安全违规概率理论上被限制在约2%,高保真仿真验证所有测试场景均无边界违反。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper proposes a unified control framework based on Response-Aware Risk-Constrained Control Barrier Function for dynamic safety boundary control of vehicles. Addressing the problem of physical model parameter mismatch, the framework constructs an uncertainty propagation model that fuses nominal dynamics priors with direct vehicle body responses. Utilizing simplified single-track dynamics to provide a baseline direction for control gradients and covering model deviations through statistical analysis of body response signals, the framework eliminates the dependence on accurate online estimation of road surface adhesion coefficients. By introducing Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) theory, the framework reformulates traditional deterministic safety constraints into probabilistic constraints on the tail risk of barrier function derivatives. Combined with a Bayesian online learning mechanism based on inverse Wishart priors, it identifies environmental noise covariance in real-time, adaptively tuning safety margins to reduce performance loss under prior parameter mismatch. Finally, based on Control Lyapunov Function (CLF), a unified Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP) controller is constructed. Theoretical analysis establishes convergence of Sequential Convex Programming to local Karush-Kuhn-Tucker points and provides per-step probabilistic safety bounds. High-fidelity dynamics simulations demonstrate that under extreme conditions, the method not only eliminates the output divergence phenomenon of traditional methods but also achieves Pareto improvement in both safety and tracking performance. For the chosen risk level, the per-step safety violation probability is theoretically bounded by approximately 2%, validated through high-fidelity simulations showing zero boundary violations across all tested scenarios.

车辆控制安全约束不确定性建模概率控制

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