arXiv:2603.25109cs.CVcs.AI2026-03

用数学公式生成莫尔纹干扰,提升图像分类模型鲁棒性。

MoireMix: A Formula-Based Data Augmentation for Improving Image Classification Robustness

  • 基于数学公式实时生成莫尔纹理,无需外部数据
  • 每张图仅需0.0026秒,计算开销极低
  • 在ImageNet-C等基准上优于主流增强方法

数据增强是提升图像分类模型鲁棒性的关键技术。然而,许多现有方法依赖于基于扩散的合成或复杂的特征混合策略,带来显著计算开销或需要外部数据集。本文探索了一种新方向:基于解析干涉图案的程序化增强。与依赖随机噪声、特征混合或生成模型的传统方法不同,本方法利用莫尔干涉生成覆盖广泛空间频率的结构化扰动。我们提出一种轻量级增强方法,通过闭式数学公式在内存中实时生成莫尔纹理,训练时与图像混合后立即丢弃,实现无存储的数据增强流程。大量实验表明,该方法在Vision Transformers上显著提升跨多个基准(包括ImageNet-C、ImageNet-R和对抗性基准)的鲁棒性,优于标准增强基线及现有无外部数据增强方法。结果表明,解析干涉图案为数据驱动生成增强提供了一种高效实用的替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Data augmentation is a key technique for improving the robustness of image classification models. However, many recent approaches rely on diffusion-based synthesis or complex feature mixing strategies, which introduce substantial computational overhead or require external datasets. In this work, we explore a different direction: procedural augmentation based on analytic interference patterns. Unlike conventional augmentation methods that rely on stochastic noise, feature mixing, or generative models, our approach exploits Moire interference to generate structured perturbations spanning a wide range of spatial frequencies. We propose a lightweight augmentation method that procedurally generates Moire textures on-the-fly using a closed-form mathematical formulation. The patterns are synthesized directly in memory with negligible computational cost (0.0026 seconds per image), mixed with training images during training, and immediately discarded, enabling a storage-free augmentation pipeline without external data. Extensive experiments with Vision Transformers demonstrate that the proposed method consistently improves robustness across multiple benchmarks, including ImageNet-C, ImageNet-R, and adversarial benchmarks, outperforming standard augmentation baselines and existing external-data-free augmentation approaches. These results suggest that analytic interference patterns provide a practical and efficient alternative to data-driven generative augmentation methods.

数据增强莫尔纹视觉模型轻量级

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