arXiv:2603.25293cs.AIcs.CL2026-03

从论文中自动构建带证据的语义有向无环图,让知识推理可追溯。

DAGverse: Building Document-Grounded Semantic DAGs from Scientific Papers

  • 用图文联合分析法,从科学论文中还原隐含的语义有向无环图结构。
  • 构建108个专家验证的因果图数据集,每条边都有文本、公式或图表证据支持。
  • 适合做知识图谱、可解释性推理和科学智能系统研究者使用。

有向无环图(DAG)广泛用于表示科学与技术领域的结构化知识,但真实世界的DAG数据集稀缺,因构建需领域专家对文档进行解读。本文研究文档到语义DAG的构建(Doc2SemDAG):从论文及引用证据中恢复出合理的语义DAG结构。该任务困难在于文档可能对应多个合理抽象,目标结构常为隐含,且支持证据散落于正文、公式、图注与图表中。为此,我们利用包含明确DAG图的科学论文作为自然监督信号:图提供结构,文本提供上下文与解释。我们提出DAGverse框架,其核心组件DAGverse-Pipeline为半自动系统,通过图分类、图重建、语义锚定与验证生成高精度语义DAG样本。以因果DAG为例,我们构建了DAGverse-1数据集,包含108个专家验证的语义DAG,每个图在图级、节点级和边级均有证据支撑。实验表明,DAGverse-Pipeline在DAG分类与标注任务上优于现有视觉-语言模型。DAGverse为基于文档的DAG基准提供基础,并开启基于真实证据的结构化推理新方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are widely used to represent structured knowledge in scientific and technical domains. However, datasets for real-world DAGs remain scarce because constructing them typically requires expert interpretation of domain documents. We study Doc2SemDAG construction: recovering a preferred semantic DAG from a document together with the cited evidence and context that explain it. This problem is challenging because a document may admit multiple plausible abstractions, the intended structure is often implicit, and the supporting evidence is scattered across prose, equations, captions, and figures. To address these challenges, we leverage scientific papers containing explicit DAG figures as a natural source of supervision. In this setting, the DAG figure provides the DAG structure, while the accompanying text provides context and explanation. We introduce DAGverse, a framework for constructing document-grounded semantic DAGs from online scientific papers. Its core component, DAGverse-Pipeline, is a semi-automatic system designed to produce high-precision semantic DAG examples through figure classification, graph reconstruction, semantic grounding, and validation. As a case study, we test the framework for causal DAGs and release DAGverse-1, a dataset of 108 expert-validated semantic DAGs with graph-level, node-level, and edge-level evidence. Experiments show that DAGverse-Pipeline outperforms existing Vision-Language Models on DAG classification and annotation. DAGverse provides a foundation for document-grounded DAG benchmarks and opens new directions for studying structured reasoning grounded in real-world evidence.

知识图谱结构化推理科学智能语义图

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