arXiv:2603.26188cs.CV2026-03

解决超声心动图视频分割中的噪声与形变难题,提升心室分割精度与稳定性。

OSA: Echocardiography Video Segmentation via Orthogonalized State Update and Anatomical Prior-aware Feature Enhancement

  • 引入正交化状态更新机制,防止状态矩阵秩坍缩,保持时间连续性。
  • 在CAMUS和EchoNet-Dynamic数据集上达到当前最优分割准确率,且支持实时推理。
  • 结合解剖先验增强特征,有效分离解剖结构与斑点噪声,适合临床部署。

从超声心动图视频中精确且时间一致地分割左心室对于评估射血分数和心脏功能至关重要。然而,由于存在严重的斑点噪声和快速的非刚性形变,建模时空动态仍具挑战。现有线性递归模型虽能高效实现上下文关联记忆追踪,但依赖无约束的状态更新,导致状态矩阵出现渐进式奇异值衰减(即秩坍缩),使解剖细节被噪声淹没。为此,本文提出OSA框架,将状态演化约束在Stiefel流形上。通过正交化状态更新(OSU)机制,将记忆演化建模为Stiefel流形上的欧氏投影梯度下降,防止秩坍缩并维持稳定的时间过渡。此外,解剖先验感知特征增强模块通过物理驱动过程显式分离解剖结构与斑点噪声,为时间追踪器提供抗噪结构线索。在CAMUS和EchoNet-Dynamic数据集上的全面实验表明,OSA实现了当前最优的分割精度与时间稳定性,同时保持临床部署所需的实时推理效率。代码已开源:https://github.com/wangrui2025/OSA。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate and temporally consistent segmentation of the left ventricle from echocardiography videos is essential for estimating the ejection fraction and assessing cardiac function. However, modeling spatiotemporal dynamics remains difficult due to severe speckle noise and rapid non-rigid deformations. Existing linear recurrent models offer efficient in-context associative recall for temporal tracking, but rely on unconstrained state updates, which cause progressive singular value decay in the state matrix, a phenomenon known as rank collapse, resulting in anatomical details being overwhelmed by noise. To address this, we propose OSA, a framework that constrains the state evolution on the Stiefel manifold. We introduce the Orthogonalized State Update (OSU) mechanism, which formulates the memory evolution as Euclidean projected gradient descent on the Stiefel manifold to prevent rank collapse and maintain stable temporal transitions. Furthermore, an Anatomical Prior-aware Feature Enhancement module explicitly separates anatomical structures from speckle noise through a physics-driven process, providing the temporal tracker with noise-resilient structural cues. Comprehensive experiments on the CAMUS and EchoNet-Dynamic datasets show that OSA achieves state-of-the-art segmentation accuracy and temporal stability, while maintaining real-time inference efficiency for clinical deployment. Codes are available at https://github.com/wangrui2025/OSA.

医学图像视频分割超声心动图时序建模

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