arXiv:2603.27245cs.RO2026-03

通过接触角解耦设计,实现管道机器人推进与转向的独立控制。

Design of an In-Pipe Robot with Contact-Angle-Guided Kinematic Decoupling for Crosstalk-Suppressed Locomotion

论文配图:Design of an In-Pipe Robot with Contact-Angle-Guided Kinematic Decoupling for Crosstalk-Suppressed Locomotion
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 采用分离轴轮结构,双电机驱动下实现推进与转向物理解耦。
  • 实验显示垂直管道高速转向时推进扭矩几乎不变,交叉干扰极低。
  • 适合复杂管道环境下的高可靠性巡检,尤其适用于多弯道场景。

管道检测机器人需在狭窄管网中穿越弯头和三维连接件,要求兼具可靠轴向牵引力和快速滚动转向能力。在紧凑的V型平台中,传统设计常依赖共享接触或间接驱动,导致运动学强耦合,性能受几何与摩擦变化影响大。本文提出一种具有轴轮分离布局的V型管道机器人,配备双电机驱动,实现全轮驱动推进与电动滚动转向,且仅用两个电机。为明确解耦机制并可设计化,我们构建了驱动传递矩阵,识别球形轮接触角为决定主滚转-推进泄漏和滚转通道效率的关键几何变量。几何传递分析将安装参数映射至接触角、泄漏率与效率,提供通过趋近零接触角抑制交叉干扰的结构设计准则。静态稳定性模型进一步给出在摩擦不确定条件下选择扭簧刚度的稳定域图,确保竖直管道运行时具有安全裕度。实验验证解耦效果:在竖直管道高速滚动时,推进扭矩保持基本恒定。在包含非平面双弯头的多材料测试平台上,机器人在超过10次独立往返试验中实现100%成功率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In-pipe inspection robots must traverse confined pipeline networks with elbows and three-dimensional fittings, requiring both reliable axial traction and rapid rolling reorientation for posture correction. In compact V-shaped platforms, these functions often rely on shared contacts or indirect actuation, which introduces strong kinematic coupling and makes performance sensitive to geometry and friction variations. This paper presents a V-shaped in-pipe robot with a joint-axis-and-wheel-separation layout that provides two physically independent actuation channels, with all-wheel-drive propulsion and motorized rolling reorientation while using only two motors. To make the decoupling mechanism explicit and designable, we formulate an actuation transmission matrix and identify the spherical-wheel contact angle as the key geometric variable governing the dominant roll-to-propulsion leakage and roll-channel efficiency. A geometric transmission analysis maps mounting parameters to the contact angle, leakage, and efficiency, yielding a structural guideline for suppressing crosstalk by driving the contact angle toward zero. A static stability model further provides a stability-domain map for selecting torsion-spring stiffness under friction uncertainty to ensure vertical-pipe stability with a margin. Experiments validate the decoupling effect, where during high-dynamic rolling in a vertical pipe, the propulsion torque remains nearly invariant. On a multi-material testbed including out-of-plane double elbows, the robot achieved a 100% success rate in more than 10 independent round-trip trials.

管道机器人运动解耦接触角多弯道导航

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