arXiv:2603.27756cs.ROcs.AI2026-03被引 5

让机器人在扰动下自然恢复,兼具精准追踪与生成适应能力。

Heracles: Bridging Precise Tracking and Generative Synthesis for General Humanoid Control

论文配图:Heracles: Bridging Precise Tracking and Generative Synthesis for General Humanoid Control
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用状态条件扩散模型做控制中间层,动态调节追踪与生成。
  • 极端扰动下仍能生成类人恢复动作,保持控制鲁棒性。
  • 适合需要灵活应变的通用人形机器人控制场景。

实现通用人形机器人控制需平衡精确执行指令动作与应对突发环境扰动的柔性适应能力。现有通用控制器多将运动控制视为刚性参考追踪问题,在正常条件下有效,但在严重扰动下常出现脆弱、非类人失效模式,缺乏人类运动控制固有的生成适应性。为此,我们提出 Heracles,一种新型状态条件扩散中间件,连接精确运动追踪与生成合成。该模型不依赖刚性追踪范式或复杂显式模式切换,而是作为高层参考运动与底层物理追踪器之间的中介层。通过实时状态条件,扩散模型隐式调整行为:当状态接近参考时近似恒等映射,保持零样本追踪保真度;当出现显著状态偏差时,无缝转为生成合成器,产生自然、类人的恢复轨迹。实验表明,将生成先验融入控制回路不仅能显著提升对极端扰动的鲁棒性,更使人类控制从刚性追踪范式跃升为开放式的生成通用架构。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Achieving general-purpose humanoid control requires a delicate balance between the precise execution of commanded motions and the flexible, anthropomorphic adaptability needed to recover from unpredictable environmental perturbations. Current general controllers predominantly formulate motion control as a rigid reference-tracking problem. While effective in nominal conditions, these trackers often exhibit brittle, non-anthropomorphic failure modes under severe disturbances, lacking the generative adaptability inherent to human motor control. To overcome this limitation, we propose Heracles, a novel state-conditioned diffusion middleware that bridges precise motion tracking and generative synthesis. Rather than relying on rigid tracking paradigms or complex explicit mode-switching, Heracles operates as an intermediary layer between high-level reference motions and low-level physics trackers. By conditioning on the robot's real-time state, the diffusion model implicitly adapts its behavior: it approximates an identity map when the state closely aligns with the reference, preserving zero-shot tracking fidelity. Conversely, when encountering significant state deviations, it seamlessly transitions into a generative synthesizer to produce natural, anthropomorphic recovery trajectories. Our framework demonstrates that integrating generative priors into the control loop not only significantly enhances robustness against extreme perturbations but also elevates humanoid control from a rigid tracking paradigm to an open-ended, generative general-purpose architecture.

人形机器人扩散模型控制架构

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