arXiv:2603.27931cs.CV2026-03

提出跨尺度解码器,精准分割复杂越野场景中的细微结构。

A Cross-Scale Decoder with Token Refinement for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation

论文配图:A Cross-Scale Decoder with Token Refinement for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过全局-局部令牌精炼,增强语义上下文并抗标注模糊。
  • 仅一次注入细粒度特征,避免噪声累积且保持边界清晰。
  • 针对低置信度像素的针对性优化,高效提升稀疏结构识别。

越野语义分割面临地形不规则、植被遮挡和标注模糊等挑战。与城市场景中清晰的物体边界不同,越野环境内各类地表类别在语义上高度相似,导致过渡区域宽而模糊,破坏边界连贯性并影响训练稳定性。狭窄可通行缝隙或孤立障碍物等稀疏结构难以获得可靠监督,易被主导背景纹理淹没。现有解码器设计或依赖低尺度瓶颈,过度平滑细节;或反复融合高分辨率特征,放大标注噪声并带来高昂计算开销。本文提出一种跨尺度解码器,包含三项互补机制:首先,全局-局部令牌精炼模块在紧凑瓶颈网格上整合语义上下文,受边界感知正则化引导,在模糊标注下仍具鲁棒性;其次,门控细节桥接通过跨尺度注意力仅一次注入细粒度结构信息,保留边界与纹理同时避免噪声积累;第三,不确定性引导的类感知点精炼选择性更新置信度最低的像素,以最小计算成本提升稀疏及模糊结构的识别。该框架在标准越野数据集上表现优异,无需密集特征融合即可持续优于现有方法,兼顾分割精度与部署效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Off-road semantic segmentation is fundamentally challenged by irregular terrain, vegetation clutter, and inherent annotation ambiguity. Unlike urban scenes with crisp object boundaries, off-road environments exhibit strong class-level similarity among terrain categories, resulting in thick and uncertain transition regions that degrade boundary coherence and destabilize training. Rare or thin structures, such as narrow traversable gaps or isolated obstacles, further receive sparse and unreliable supervision and are easily overwhelmed by dominant background textures. Existing decoder designs either rely on low-scale bottlenecks that oversmooth fine structural details, or repeatedly fuse high-detail features, which tends to amplify annotation noise and incur substantial computational cost. We present a cross-scale decoder that explicitly addresses these challenges through three complementary mechanisms. First, a global--local token refinement module consolidates semantic context on a compact bottleneck lattice, guided by boundary-aware regularization to remain robust under ambiguous supervision. Second, a gated detail bridge selectively injects fine-scale structural cues only once through cross-scale attention, preserving boundary and texture information while avoiding noise accumulation. Third, an uncertainty-guided class-aware point refinement selectively updates the least reliable pixels, improving rare and ambiguous structures with minimal computational overhead. The resulting framework achieves noise-robust and boundary-preserving segmentation tailored to off-road environments, recovering fine structural details while maintaining deployment-friendly efficiency. Experimental results on standard off-road benchmarks demonstrate consistent improvements over prior approaches without resorting to heavy dense feature fusion.

语义分割越野场景跨尺度细粒度

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