用漂移模型实现快速高精度的MRI转CT,适合放疗规划等场景。
MRI-to-CT synthesis using drifting models
- 采用漂移模型直接生成CT图像,一步推理毫秒级完成。
- 在两个数据集上均超越扩散模型与传统CNN/GAN方法,结构相似性更高。
- 生成图像骨边界更清晰,软组织交界处伪影少,适合临床应用。
准确的MRI到CT图像合成可实现仅使用MRI的盆腔诊疗流程,提供含骨骼细节的类CT图像,同时避免额外电离辐射。本文研究了近期提出的漂移模型在从MRI生成盆腔CT图像中的表现,并与卷积神经网络(UNet、VAE)、生成对抗网络(WGAN-GP)、基于物理的概率模型(PPFM)以及扩散模型(FastDDPM、DDIM、DDPM)进行了对比。实验在两个互补数据集上进行:Gold Atlas Male Pelvis 和 SynthRAD2023 盆腔子集。通过SSIM、PSNR和RMSE评估图像保真度与结构一致性,并对皮质骨和盆腔软组织界面等解剖关键区域进行定性分析。在两个数据集上,所提漂移模型均达到较高的SSIM和PSNR,较低的RMSE,优于强基线扩散模型及传统CNN、VAE、GAN和PPFM方法。视觉评估显示其具有更锐利的皮质骨边缘、更好的骶骨与股骨头几何呈现,且在骨-空气-软组织边界处伪影更少、不过度平滑。此外,该模型实现单步推理,推理时间约为毫秒级,相比迭代扩散采样在准确率与效率之间取得更优平衡,同时保持较高图像质量。这些结果表明,漂移模型是实现快速、高质量盆腔合成CT图像的有前景方向,值得进一步探索用于仅用MRI的放射治疗规划与PET/MR衰减校正等下游任务。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate MRI-to-CT synthesis could enable MR-only pelvic workflows by providing CT-like images with bone details while avoiding additional ionizing radiation. In this work, we investigate recently proposed drifting models for synthesizing pelvis CT images from MRI and benchmark them against convolutional neural networks (UNet, VAE), a generative adversarial network (WGAN-GP), a physics-inspired probabilistic model (PPFM), and diffusion-based methods (FastDDPM, DDIM, DDPM). Experiments are performed on two complementary datasets: Gold Atlas Male Pelvis and the SynthRAD2023 pelvis subset. Image fidelity and structural consistency are evaluated with SSIM, PSNR, and RMSE, complemented by qualitative assessment of anatomically critical regions such as cortical bone and pelvic soft-tissue interfaces. Across both datasets, the proposed drifting model achieves high SSIM and PSNR and low RMSE, surpassing strong diffusion baselines and conventional CNN-, VAE-, GAN-, and PPFM-based methods. Visual inspection shows sharper cortical bone edges, improved depiction of sacral and femoral head geometry, and reduced artifacts or over-smoothing, particularly at bone-air-soft tissue boundaries. Moreover, the drifting model attains these gains with one-step inference and inference times on the order of milliseconds, yielding a more favorable accuracy-efficiency trade-off than iterative diffusion sampling while remaining competitive in image quality. These findings suggest that drifting models are a promising direction for fast, high-quality pelvic synthetic CT generation from MRI and warrant further investigation for downstream applications such as MRI-only radiotherapy planning and PET/MR attenuation correction.
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