arXiv:2603.28798cs.CRcs.AI2026-03中稿 · the IEEE GCON 2026…

设计可重构电阻电容PUF,有效抵御机器学习攻击。

Design and Development of an ML/DL Attack Resistance of RC-Based PUF for IoT Security

  • 采用32位挑战-响应对的RC结构,支持动态重配置以增强安全性。
  • 五种机器学习模型在测试集上准确率均低于54%,接近随机猜测。
  • 轻量级设计适合资源受限的物联网设备,抗攻击能力强。

物理不可克隆函数(PUFs)为物联网认证提供了有前景的硬件安全方案,利用固有的随机性适应资源受限环境。然而,机器学习/深度学习建模攻击可通过学习挑战-响应模式威胁PUF安全。本文提出一种基于电阻-电容(RC)的动态可重构PUF,使用32位挑战-响应对(CRPs),旨在抵抗此类攻击。通过生成CRP数据集并划分为训练、验证和测试集,系统评估其鲁棒性。采用人工神经网络(ANN)、梯度提升神经网络(GBNN)、决策树(DT)、随机森林(RF)和XGBoost等多种机器学习方法进行建模训练。所有模型在训练集上达到100%准确率,但测试集表现接近随机:分别为51.05%(ANN)、53.27%(GBNN)、50.06%(DT)、52.08%(RF)和50.97%(XGBoost)。结果表明,该PUF对机器学习驱动的建模攻击具有强抵抗力,先进算法无法准确复现响应。动态可重构架构在极低资源开销下提升对抗性威胁的能力。该简单RC-PUF为下一代物联网认证提供了一种高效、低成本的替代方案,可在不牺牲计算效率与可扩展性的前提下,有效抵御机器学习攻击,保障设备可靠验证。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) provide promising hardware security for IoT authentication, leveraging inherent randomness suitable for resource constrained environments. However, ML/DL modeling attacks threaten PUF security by learning challenge-response patterns. This work introduces a custom resistor-capacitor (RC) based dynamically reconfigurable PUF using 32-bit challenge-response pairs (CRPs) designed to resist such attacks. We systematically evaluated robustness by generating a CRP dataset and splitting it into training, validation, and test sets. Multiple ML techniques including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Gradient Boosted Neural Networks (GBNN), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), and XGBoost, were trained to model PUF behavior. While all models achieved 100% training accuracy, test performance remained near random guessing: 51.05% (ANN), 53.27% (GBNN), 50.06% (DT), 52.08% (RF), and 50.97% (XGBoost). These results demonstrate the proposed PUF's strong resistance to ML-driven modeling attacks, as advanced algorithms fail to reproduce accurate responses. The dynamically reconfigurable architecture enhances robustness against adversarial threats with minimal resource overhead. This simple RC-PUF offers an effective, low-cost alternative to complex encryption for securing next-generation IoT authentication against machine learning-based threats, ensuring reliable device verification without compromising computational efficiency or scalability in deployed IoT networks.

PUF物联网安全机器学习防御硬件安全

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