arXiv:2603.29148cs.LGcs.AI2026-03

提出一种高效图粗化方法,加速大规模图节点分类训练。

Efficient and Scalable Granular-ball Graph Coarsening Method for Large-scale Graph Node Classification

  • 基于多粒度球形粗化算法,线性降低图规模。
  • 在多个数据集上实现更高精度与更快训练速度。
  • 适合处理超大规模图数据的科研与工业场景。

图卷积网络(GCN)在图数据任务中表现优异,但在大规模图上仍面临计算开销高的问题,尤其当卷积层数较多时。现有方法虽采用采样或图粗化缓解此问题,但部分忽略图结构的多粒度信息,且粗化过程时间复杂度较高。为此,本文提出一种高效可扩展的多粒度球形图粗化方法。首先,通过多粒度球形粗化算法将原图降维为多个子图,该阶段时间复杂度为线性,显著低于现有方法;随后,从这些球形子图中随机采样生成训练批次用于GCN训练。该方法能自适应大幅缩减图规模,有效提升GCN的训练效率与可扩展性。多个数据集上的节点分类实验表明,本方法性能优越。代码已公开于 https://anonymous.4open.science/r/1-141D/。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) is a model that can effectively handle graph data tasks and has been successfully applied. However, for large-scale graph datasets, GCN still faces the challenge of high computational overhead, especially when the number of convolutional layers in the graph is large. Currently, there are many advanced methods that use various sampling techniques or graph coarsening techniques to alleviate the inconvenience caused during training. However, among these methods, some ignore the multi-granularity information in the graph structure, and the time complexity of some coarsening methods is still relatively high. In response to these issues, based on our previous work, in this paper, we propose a new framework called Efficient and Scalable Granular-ball Graph Coarsening Method for Large-scale Graph Node Classification. Specifically, this method first uses a multi-granularity granular-ball graph coarsening algorithm to coarsen the original graph to obtain many subgraphs. The time complexity of this stage is linear and much lower than that of the exiting graph coarsening methods. Then, subgraphs composed of these granular-balls are randomly sampled to form minibatches for training GCN. Our algorithm can adaptively and significantly reduce the scale of the original graph, thereby enhancing the training efficiency and scalability of GCN. Ultimately, the experimental results of node classification on multiple datasets demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper exhibits superior performance. The code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/1-141D/.

图神经网络图粗化大规模学习

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