用密集静态轨迹库取代动态生成,实现端到端自动驾驶的高性能新方案
SparseDriveV2: Scoring is All You Need for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 将轨迹分解为路径与速度曲线,组合覆盖动作空间
- 在NAVSIM上达92.0 PDMS,在Bench2Drive上70%成功率
- 轻量模型+可扩展评分机制,适合实际部署
端到端多模态规划通过评分候选轨迹并选择最优解来建模驾驶行为的不确定性。现有方法分为两类:对大量静态轨迹词汇进行评分,或对少量动态生成的提议进行评分。静态词汇常因动作空间离散粗略而表现不佳,动态提议虽精度更高但性能提升是否依赖动态生成尚不明确。本文系统研究了代表性方法Hydra-MDP,发现随着轨迹锚点密度增加,性能持续提升且未出现饱和,直至计算资源受限。受此启发,提出SparseDriveV2:(1)采用因子化结构的可扩展词汇表示,将轨迹分解为几何路径与速度曲线,实现组合式动作空间覆盖;(2)设计分层评分策略,先粗粒度评分路径与速度曲线,再对少量组合轨迹进行精细评分。该方法在NAVSIM上取得92.0 PDMS与90.1 EPDMS,在Bench2Drive上获得89.15 Driving Score与70.00 Success Rate,仅使用ResNet-34作为主干网络。代码与模型已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
End-to-end multi-modal planning has been widely adopted to model the uncertainty of driving behavior, typically by scoring candidate trajectories and selecting the optimal one. Existing approaches generally fall into two categories: scoring a large static trajectory vocabulary, or scoring a small set of dynamically generated proposals. While static vocabularies often suffer from coarse discretization of the action space, dynamic proposals provide finer-grained precision and have shown stronger empirical performance on existing benchmarks. However, it remains unclear whether dynamic generation is fundamentally necessary, or whether static vocabularies can already achieve comparable performance when they are sufficiently dense to cover the action space. In this work, we start with a systematic scaling study of Hydra-MDP, a representative scoring-based method, revealing that performance consistently improves as trajectory anchors become denser, without exhibiting saturation before computational constraints are reached. Motivated by this observation, we propose SparseDriveV2 to push the performance boundary of scoring-based planning through two complementary innovations: (1) a scalable vocabulary representation with a factorized structure that decomposes trajectories into geometric paths and velocity profiles, enabling combinatorial coverage of the action space, and (2) a scalable scoring strategy with coarse factorized scoring over paths and velocity profiles followed by fine-grained scoring on a small set of composed trajectories. By combining these two techniques, SparseDriveV2 achieves 92.0 PDMS and 90.1 EPDMS on NAVSIM, with 89.15 Driving Score and 70.00 Success Rate on Bench2Drive with a lightweight ResNet-34 as backbone. Code and model are released at https://github.com/swc-17/SparseDriveV2.
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