提出可伸缩机械臂机器人,自动清洁月球太阳能板上的尘埃。
Long-Reach Robotic Cleaning for Lunar Solar Arrays
- 用可伸展轻量化机械臂配可换工具,实现远程柔性清洁。
- 实验显示1米内保持约2牛顿稳定接触力,误差仅0.2牛顿均方根。
- 适合月球表面维护任务,减少人工干预,提升设备寿命。
商业月球活动加速了对可靠地表基础设施和常规运维的需求。巡检、清洁、防尘及小型维修等任务对维持系统性能和延长寿命至关重要。以月球太阳能阵列为典型应用,其将长期供电于着陆器、栖息地和地表设备,持续供能使命关键。但月尘积累会迅速降低面板输出,缩短任务寿命。本文提出一种小型移动机器人,配备长距离、轻量化可展开机械臂与可更换清洁工具,可在米级工作范围内实现低人工介入的温和清洁。在视觉引导长臂操作基础上,引入具有末端力感知的柔顺腕部和基于速度的阻抗控制器,以稳定接触力。初步台架实验中,机械臂长度从0.3米到1.0米变化时,系统维持约2牛顿法向力,初始接触后力误差均方根约为0.2牛顿。早期结果表明,可展开长臂机械臂是月球基础设施如太阳能阵列、散热器和光学表面进行机器人维护的有前景方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Commercial lunar activity is accelerating the need for reliable surface infrastructure and routine operations to keep it functioning. Maintenance tasks such as inspection, cleaning, dust mitigation, and minor repair are essential to preserve performance and extend system life. A specific application is the cleaning of lunar solar arrays. Solar arrays are expected to provide substantial fraction of lunar surface power and operate for months to years, supplying continuous energy to landers, habitats, and surface assets, making sustained output mission-critical. However, over time lunar dust accumulates on these large solar arrays, which can rapidly degrade panel output and reduce mission lifetime. We propose a small mobile robot equipped with a long-reach, lightweight deployable boom and interchangeable cleaning tool to perform gentle cleaning over meter-scale workspaces with minimal human involvement. Building on prior vision-guided long-reach manipulation, we add a compliant wrist with distal force sensing and a velocity-based admittance controller to regulate stable contact during surface cleaning. In preliminary benchtop experiments on a planar surface, the system maintained approximately 2 N normal force while executing a simple cleaning motion over boom lengths from 0.3 m to 1.0 m, with RMS force error of approximately 0.2 N after initial contact. These early results suggest that deployable long-reach manipulators are a promising architecture for robotic maintenance of lunar infrastructure such as solar arrays, radiators, and optical surfaces.
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