让大模型代理系统自动发现并修复故障,提升可靠性。
AgentFixer: From Failure Detection to Fix Recommendations in LLM Agentic Systems
- 结合规则与大模型判断,系统化检测代理任务中的失败
- 发现计划错位、提示依赖脆弱等共性问题,优化后小模型表现显著提升
- 可自动生成反思建议,支持持续改进的智能验证流程
我们提出一个全面的验证框架,用于检测和改进基于大模型的代理系统中的可靠性问题。该框架包含15种故障检测工具和2个根因分析模块,能系统识别输入处理、提示设计和输出生成中的弱点。通过结合轻量级规则检查与大模型评判,实现结构化的故障检测、分类与修复。我们在IBM CUGA系统上进行了测试,使用AppWorld和WebArena基准评估,发现存在重复出现的规划错位、模式违规、提示依赖脆弱等问题。基于这些洞察,优化了提示与编码策略,在保持原有基准性能的同时,使中等规模模型如Llama 4和Mistral Medium获得显著准确率提升,大幅缩小与前沿模型的差距。此外,我们还开展探索性研究,将诊断结果与代理描述输入大模型进行自我反思与优先级排序,生成可操作的改进建议。这表明验证过程本身可演变为对话驱动的智能代理行为。研究成果为生产环境中可扩展、自适应的质量保障体系提供了基础,推动更鲁棒、可解释、自愈型代理架构的发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce a comprehensive validation framework for LLM-based agentic systems that provides systematic diagnosis and improvement of reliability failures. The framework includes fifteen failure-detection tools and two root-cause analysis modules that jointly uncover weaknesses across input handling, prompt design, and output generation. It integrates lightweight rule-based checks with LLM-as-a-judge assessments to support structured incident detection, classification, and repair. We applied the framework to IBM CUGA, evaluating its performance on the AppWorld and WebArena benchmarks. The analysis revealed recurrent planner misalignments, schema violations, brittle prompt dependencies, and more. Based on these insights, we refined both prompting and coding strategies, maintaining CUGA's benchmark results while enabling mid-sized models such as Llama 4 and Mistral Medium to achieve notable accuracy gains, substantially narrowing the gap with frontier models. Beyond quantitative validation, we conducted an exploratory study that fed the framework's diagnostic outputs and agent description into an LLM for self-reflection and prioritization. This interactive analysis produced actionable insights on recurring failure patterns and focus areas for improvement, demonstrating how validation itself can evolve into an agentic, dialogue-driven process. These results show a path toward scalable, quality assurance, and adaptive validation in production agentic systems, offering a foundation for more robust, interpretable, and self-improving agentic architectures.
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