用17亿参数小模型微调,实现更准更可靠的自动标注。
More Human, More Efficient: Aligning Annotations with Quantized SLMs
- 用少量人工标注数据微调4比特量化的小模型,提升一致性。
- 标注一致性提升0.23(Krippendorff's α),优于主流大模型。
- 开源方案适合需要可复现、隐私安全的标注任务人群。
随着大语言模型能力提升,文本语料的高质量标注需求已远超人力处理能力,导致广泛采用大模型进行自动评估与标注。但专有大模型常存在系统性偏差,偏离人类专家共识,缺乏可复现性,且引发数据隐私担忧。本文研究了在有限人工标注数据上微调1.7B参数量的量化小型语言模型作为高对齐、确定性评估与标注工具的可行性。通过自定义多维度评分框架及简单增强与正则化技术,该方法在标注一致性上较最优现有专有大模型提升0.23(Krippendorff's α)。同时,在另一情绪分类任务上也验证了训练流程的泛化能力。结果表明,针对任务的对齐与高效4比特量化微调,为评估与标注提供了更优的开源替代方案。微调方法已公开于https://github.com/jylee-k/slm-judge。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities advance, the demand for high-quality annotation of exponentially increasing text corpora has outpaced human capacity, leading to the widespread adoption of LLMs in automatic evaluation and annotation. However, proprietary LLMs often exhibit systematic biases that diverge from human expert consensus, lacks reproducibility, and raises data privacy concerns. Our work examines the viability of finetuning a quantized Small Language Model of 1.7B parameter size on limited human-annotated data to serve as a highly aligned, deterministic evaluator and annotator. By implementing a custom, multi-dimensional rubric framework and simple augmentation and regularization techniques, the proposed approach achieves higher inter-annotator agreement (0.23 points increase in Krippendorff's $α$) than the best performing state-of-the-art proprietary LLM. We also demonstrate the generalizability of the proposed training pipeline on a separate emotion classification task. The results show that task-specific alignment and efficient 4-bit quantized fine-tuning provide superior open-source alternative to using proprietary models for evaluation and annotation. Our finetuning approach is publicly available at https://github.com/jylee-k/slm-judge.
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