一款可3D打印的仿人机械手,带灵活手腕,提升抓取效率。
SoftHand Model-W: A 3D-Printed, Anthropomorphic, Underactuated Robot Hand with Integrated Wrist and Carpal Tunnel
- 通过腱式驱动和腕部双自由度设计,实现手指与手掌协同运动
- 加装腕部后任务时间缩短,手臂补偿动作减少30%以上
- 适合科研与辅助场景,尤其擅长复杂抓取任务
本文提出SoftHand Model-W:一款基于Pisa/IIT SoftHand的3D打印、欠驱动、仿人机械手,集成拮抗腱结构与两自由度腱驱动腕部。该系统共四自由度,可主动控制五指屈伸及掌部屈伸与桡尺偏移,同时保留软体机械手的协同自适应特性。借鉴腕管结构的腱路由设计,使电机置于前臂,降低远端惯性并维持紧凑外形。将软手安装于6轴机械臂上,测试立方体堆叠与平面圆盘旋转两项需手-臂协调的任务。对比有无腕部驱动的结果显示,加入腕部可减少手臂的补偿性运动与构型变化,显著缩短任务完成时间。此外,腕部使部分原无法完成的拾取放置操作成为可能。整体表明,近端自由度对实现真实世界中类人灵巧操作至关重要,其紧凑设计适用于研究与辅助应用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper presents the SoftHand Model-W: a 3D-printed, underactuated, anthropomorphic robot hand based on the Pisa/IIT SoftHand, with an integrated antagonistic tendon mechanism and 2 degree-of-freedom tendon-driven wrist. These four degrees-of-acuation provide active flexion and extension to the five fingers, and active flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation of the palm through the wrist, while preserving the synergistic and self-adaptive features of such SoftHands. A carpal tunnel-inspired tendon routing allows remote motor placement in the forearm, reducing distal inertia and maintaining a compact form factor. The SoftHand-W is mounted on a 6-axis robot arm and tested with two reorientation tasks requiring coordination between the hand and arm's pose: cube stacking and in-plane disc rotation. Results comparing task time, arm joint travel, and configuration changes with and without wrist actuation show that adding the wrist reduces compensatory and reconfiguration movements of the arm for a quicker task-completion time. Moreover, the wrist enables pick-and-place operations that would be impossible otherwise. Overall, the SoftHand Model-W demonstrates how proximal degrees of freedom are key to achieving versatile, human-like manipulation in real world robotic applications, with a compact design enabling deployment in research and assistive settings.
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