无需完整仿真即可预训练多物理场代理模型,大幅降低部署成本。
PI-JEPA: Label-Free Surrogate Pretraining for Coupled Multiphysics Simulation via Operator-Split Latent Prediction
- 通过掩码潜变量预测+物理残差约束,在无标签参数场中预训练。
- 仅用100组标注数据即实现比FNO低1.9倍、DeepONet低2.4倍误差。
- 适合资源有限但需快速部署多物理场代理的工程仿真场景。
储层模拟面临数据不对称问题:输入参数场(如渗透率实现实例、孔隙度分布)可无限生成,但现有神经算子代理模型依赖大量昂贵的标注仿真轨迹,无法利用未标注结构。本文提出PI-JEPA(物理信息联合嵌入预测架构),一种无需任何完整偏微分方程求解即可训练的代理预训练框架。该方法在未标注参数场上进行掩码潜变量预测,并施加按子算子划分的PDE残差正则化。预测器库结构与控制方程的李-特罗特分裂分解一致,为每个子过程(压力、饱和度输运、反应)分配独立的物理约束潜变量模块,支持仅用100组标注数据完成微调。在单相达西流任务中,当$N_\ell{=}100$时,PI-JEPA误差比FNO低1.9倍、比DeepONet低2.4倍;当$N_\ell{=}500$时,较纯监督训练提升24%。结果表明,无标签代理预训练可显著减少多物理场代理部署所需的仿真预算。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Reservoir simulation workflows face a fundamental data asymmetry: input parameter fields (geostatistical permeability realizations, porosity distributions) are free to generate in arbitrary quantities, yet existing neural operator surrogates require large corpora of expensive labeled simulation trajectories and cannot exploit this unlabeled structure. We introduce \textbf{PI-JEPA} (Physics-Informed Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture), a surrogate pretraining framework that trains \emph{without any completed PDE solves}, using masked latent prediction on unlabeled parameter fields under per-sub-operator PDE residual regularization. The predictor bank is structurally aligned with the Lie--Trotter operator-splitting decomposition of the governing equations, dedicating a separate physics-constrained latent module to each sub-process (pressure, saturation transport, reaction), enabling fine-tuning with as few as 100 labeled simulation runs. On single-phase Darcy flow, PI-JEPA achieves $1.9\times$ lower error than FNO and $2.4\times$ lower error than DeepONet at $N_\ell{=}100$, with 24\% improvement over supervised-only training at $N_\ell{=}500$, demonstrating that label-free surrogate pretraining substantially reduces the simulation budget required for multiphysics surrogate deployment.
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