提出企业级人机协同设计框架，揭示管理实践如何决定技术投资回报
From Automation to Augmentation: A Framework for Designing Human-Centric Work Environments in Society 5.0
- 将人机增强效果建模为工作设计的函数，五维设计要素可主动优化
- 实证显示管理质量提升可使技术投资回报率提高30.4%（p<0.01）
- 提供可量化的诊断工具WADI，助力企业实现社会5.0转型
社会5.0与产业5.0倡导以人为本的技术融合，但缺乏可在企业层面衡量、优化或评估的操作定义。本文填补三大空白：第一，现有模型将人机互补性函数phi(D)视为外生变量，忽略同一技术投入下不同工作组织方式导致的增强结果差异；第二，尚无多维度工具将工作设计选择与增强生产力关联；第三，社会5.0文献虽以人性化为理想目标，却未提供经济最优的判断标准。本文贡献如下：（1）将增强函数内生化为phi(D, W)，W为五维工作设计向量——人机界面设计、决策权分配、任务编排、学习回路架构及心理社会工作环境，并证明当人力可增强认知资本超过临界阈值时，以人为本设计可最大化利润；（2）基于PRISMA指南系统综述120篇文献（从6,096条记录筛选），映射各维度证据基础；（3）利用哥伦比亚编辑制造调查数据（N=6,799家企业）提供二次实证，显示管理实践质量显著放大技术投资回报（交互系数0.304，p<0.01）；（4）提出基于理论的36项工作增强设计指数（WADI），用于企业级人性化诊断。决策权分配是社会5.0转型的关键约束，任务编排则是最被忽视的维度。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Society 5.0 and Industry 5.0 call for human-centric technology integration, yet the concept lacks an operational definition that can be measured, optimized, or evaluated at the firm level. This paper addresses three gaps. First, existing models of human-AI complementarity treat the augmentation function phi(D) as exogenous -- dependent only on the stock of AI deployed -- ignoring that two firms with identical technology investments achieve radically different augmentation outcomes depending on how the workplace is organized around the human-AI interaction. Second, no multi-dimensional instrument exists linking workplace design choices to augmentation productivity. Third, the Society 5.0 literature proposes human-centricity as a normative aspiration but provides no formal criterion for when it is economically optimal. We make four contributions. (1) We endogenize the augmentation function as phi(D, W), where W is a five-dimensional workplace design vector -- AI interface design, decision authority allocation, task orchestration, learning loop architecture, and psychosocial work environment -- and prove that human-centric design is profit-maximizing when the workforce's augmentable cognitive capital exceeds a critical threshold. (2) We conduct a PRISMA-guided systematic review of 120 papers (screened from 6,096 records) to map the evidence base for each dimension. (3) We provide secondary empirical evidence from Colombia's EDIT manufacturing survey (N=6,799 firms) showing that management practice quality amplifies the return to technology investment (interaction coefficient 0.304, p<0.01). (4) We propose the Workplace Augmentation Design Index (WADI), a 36-item theory-grounded instrument for diagnosing human-centricity at the firm level. Decision authority allocation emerges as the binding constraint for Society 5.0 transitions, and task orchestration as the most under-researched dimension
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