arXiv:2604.02119cs.LG2026-04被引 4

提出新型SVD压缩方法,实现大模型无重训快速压缩且保持精度。

AA-SVD : Anchored and Adaptive SVD for Large Language Model Compression

  • 基于低秩分解,同时考虑输入分布变化和原始输出,避免误差累积。
  • 在极端压缩比下仍优于现有方法,甚至在模型崩溃时保持稳定。
  • 适合需要高效部署大模型的工业场景,如边缘计算、移动端推理。

我们提出一种基于低秩分解的快速压缩框架,可在不重新训练的情况下压缩数十亿参数的大语言模型。与仅优化原始输入或仅依赖扰动输入的方法不同,本方法同时考虑输入分布偏移和原始输出,避免误差前向传播。不仅逐层压缩,还端到端优化每个Transformer模块,最小化块级输出失真,使压缩层可协同补偿累积误差。通过将每层压缩结果锚定于原始输出,并显式建模输入分布变化,该方法获得与原模型功能等价的低秩近似。在大规模语言模型上的实验表明,该方法在各类压缩率下均优于现有SVD基线,尤其在激进压缩预算下优势更显著——此时其他方法性能急剧下降甚至崩溃,展现出面向高效大规模模型部署的实用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We introduce a fast low-rank factorization-based framework for compressing large language models that enables rapid compression of billion-parameter models without retraining. Unlike existing factorization-based approaches that optimize only on the original inputs, ignoring distribution shifts from upstream compression and thus propagating errors forward, or those that rely only on shifted inputs and risk drifting away from the original outputs, our approach accounts for both. Beyond individual layer compression, we further refine each transformer block end-to-end, minimizing block-level output distortion and allowing compressed layers to jointly compensate for accumulated errors. By anchoring each compressed layer to the original outputs while explicitly modeling input distribution shifts, our method finds a low-rank approximation that maintains functional equivalence with the original model. Experiments on large language models show that our method consistently outperforms existing SVD-based baselines across compression ratios, with the advantage becoming increasingly pronounced at aggressive compression budgets, where competing methods degrade substantially or collapse entirely, offering a practical solution for efficient, large-scale model deployment.

模型压缩SVD大模型部署

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。