arXiv:2604.02160cs.CV2026-04被引 3

无需训练即可检测任意概念变化,提升准确性和空间一致性。

CoRegOVCD: Consistency-Regularized Open-Vocabulary Change Detection

  • 将变化检测转为后验概率差异,增强跨时相可比性。
  • 在四个基准上最高提升4.98点F1_C,六类平均达47.50%。
  • 适合需要灵活查询、无标注数据的遥感变化分析场景。

遥感变化检测旨在识别地表覆盖语义随时间的变化,但现有方法多假设标签空间固定,无法回答用户任意定义的问题。开放词汇变化检测(OVCD)则需输出查询概念的变化掩码。在完全无训练设置下,密集概念响应因外观变化、跨概念竞争弱及地物空间连续性,常导致噪声大、碎片化、语义不可靠的变化证据。本文提出训练免费的稠密推理框架CoRegOVCD,将特定概念变化重定义为校准后验差异。通过竞争后验校准(CPC)和语义后验差(SPD),将原始响应转化为考虑竞争关系的查询概念后验,并量化其跨时相差异,提升语义变化证据可比性。几何-令牌一致性门(GeoGate)与区域共识差异(RCD)进一步通过结构验证和区域一致性抑制无效响应,增强空间连贯性。在四个涵盖建筑导向与多类场景的基准上,CoRegOVCD相比最强先前无训练基线提升2.24至4.98 F1$_C$点,在SECOND数据集六类平均达47.50% F1$_C$。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Remote sensing change detection (CD) aims to identify where land-cover semantics change across time, but most existing methods still assume a fixed label space and therefore cannot answer arbitrary user-defined queries. Open-vocabulary change detection (OVCD) instead asks for the change mask of a queried concept. In the fully training-free setting, however, dense concept responses are difficult to compare directly across dates: appearance variation, weak cross-concept competition, and the spatial continuity of many land-cover categories often produce noisy, fragmented, and semantically unreliable change evidence. We propose Consistency-Regularized Open-Vocabulary Change Detection (CoRegOVCD), a training-free dense inference framework that reformulates concept-specific change as calibrated posterior discrepancy. Competitive Posterior Calibration (CPC) and the Semantic Posterior Delta (SPD) convert raw concept responses into competition-aware queried-concept posteriors and quantify their cross-temporal discrepancy, making semantic change evidence more comparable without explicit instance matching. Geometry-Token Consistency Gate (GeoGate) and Regional Consensus Discrepancy (RCD) further suppress unsupported responses and improve spatial coherence through geometry-aware structural verification and regional consensus. Across four benchmarks spanning building-oriented and multi-class settings, CoRegOVCD consistently improves over the strongest previous training-free baseline by 2.24 to 4.98 F1$_C$ points and reaches a six-class average of 47.50% F1$_C$ on SECOND.

变化检测开放词汇遥感无训练

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