arXiv:2604.02392cs.CV2026-04

根据输入图像噪声量动态调整去噪路径,提升精度与效率。

Beyond Fixed Inference: Quantitative Flow Matching for Adaptive Image Denoising

  • 通过局部像素统计估算噪声水平,实现量化输入估计
  • 自适应调整去噪起始点、步数与步长,匹配真实噪声程度
  • 适用于自然、医学及显微图像,对未知噪声有强泛化能力

扩散模型与基于流的生成模型在图像修复中展现出强大潜力。然而,在未知且变化的噪声条件下进行图像去噪仍具挑战性,因为学习到的向量场在不同噪声水平下可能不一致,导致训练与推理噪声不匹配时修复质量下降。为此,本文提出一种定量流匹配框架,用于自适应图像去噪。该方法首先通过局部像素统计估计输入噪声水平,再利用此定量估计值调整推理轨迹,包括起始点、积分步数及步长调度。由此,去噪过程更贴合每张输入的实际退化程度,对轻度退化的图像减少不必要的计算,对重度退化的图像提供充分优化。通过将定量噪声估计与噪声自适应流推理结合,所提方法同时提升了修复精度与推理效率。在自然图像、医学图像和显微图像上的大量实验表明,该方法在多种噪声水平和成像条件下均具有鲁棒性与强泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion and flow-based generative models have shown strong potential for image restoration. However, image denoising under unknown and varying noise conditions remains challenging, because the learned vector fields may become inconsistent across different noise levels, leading to degraded restoration quality under mismatch between training and inference. To address this issue, we propose a quantitative flow matching framework for adaptive image denoising. The method first estimates the input noise level from local pixel statistics, and then uses this quantitative estimate to adapt the inference trajectory, including the starting point, the number of integration steps, and the step-size schedule. In this way, the denoising process is better aligned with the actual corruption level of each input, reducing unnecessary computation for lightly corrupted images while providing sufficient refinement for heavily degraded ones. By coupling quantitative noise estimation with noise-adaptive flow inference, the proposed method improves both restoration accuracy and inference efficiency. Extensive experiments on natural, medical, and microscopy images demonstrate its robustness and strong generalization across diverse noise levels and imaging conditions.

图像去噪自适应推理流模型

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