arXiv:2604.02447cs.CVcs.AI2026-04中稿 · CVPR

用混合高斯模型生成多样且协调的团队运动战术,仅凭初始阵型即可实现。

PlayGen-MoG: Framework for Diverse Multi-Agent Play Generation via Mixture-of-Gaussians Trajectory Prediction

  • 采用共享权重的混合高斯输出头,统一控制多球员轨迹的策略选择
  • 绝对位移非自回归预测,实现1.68码平均误差和3.98码最终误差
  • 无需历史轨迹,适合从静态阵型设计战术,避免模式坍缩

团队运动中的多智能体轨迹生成需兼顾战术多样性与球员间真实空间协同。标准生成方法如条件变分自编码器(CVAE)和扩散模型常出现后验坍缩或收敛至数据均值。多数轨迹预测方法依赖多帧观测历史,不适用于仅知初始阵型的战术设计场景。本文提出PlayGen-MoG框架,通过三项设计解决上述问题:1)使用共享混合权重的混合高斯(MoG)输出头,单一权重集选择耦合所有球员轨迹的战术情景;2)相对空间注意力机制,将成对球员位置与距离作为可学习注意力偏置;3)基于初始阵型的非自回归绝对位移预测,消除累积误差漂移并摆脱对历史轨迹的依赖,支持仅凭静态阵型生成真实战术。在美式橄榄球追踪数据上,PlayGen-MoG达到1.68码平均位移误差(ADE)和3.98码最终位移误差(FDE),同时完整利用全部8个混合组件,熵值达2.06(理论最大2.08),定性验证了无模式坍缩的多样化生成能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multi-agent trajectory generation in team sports requires models that capture both the diversity of possible plays and realistic spatial coordination between players on plays. Standard generative approaches such as Conditional Variational Autoencoders (CVAE) and diffusion models struggle with this task, exhibiting posterior collapse or convergence to the dataset mean. Moreover, most trajectory prediction methods operate in a forecasting regime that requires multiple frames of observed history, limiting their use for play design where only the initial formation is available. We present PlayGen-MoG, an extensible framework for formation-conditioned play generation that addresses these challenges through three design choices: 1/ a Mixture-of-Gaussians (MoG) output head with shared mixture weights across all agents, where a single set of weights selects a play scenario that couples all players' trajectories, 2/ relative spatial attention that encodes pairwise player positions and distances as learned attention biases, and 3/ non-autoregressive prediction of absolute displacements from the initial formation, eliminating cumulative error drift and removing the dependence on observed trajectory history, enabling realistic play generation from a single static formation alone. On American football tracking data, PlayGen-MoG achieves 1.68 yard ADE and 3.98 yard FDE while maintaining full utilization of all 8 mixture components with entropy of 2.06 out of 2.08, and qualitatively confirming diverse generation without mode collapse.

多智能体生成战术设计混合高斯非自回归

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