用视觉变压器预测能源系统流体流动,支持多精度数据融合与缺失信息重建。
A Multimodal Vision Transformer-based Modeling Framework for Prediction of Fluid Flows in Energy Systems
- 基于SwinV2-UNet的多模态视觉变压器,处理多精度仿真实验数据。
- 在时空滚动和字段重构任务中准确预测流场演化与补全缺失数据。
- 适用于高压力气体注入等复杂流体系统建模,适合工程仿真优化场景。
能源系统中复杂流体流动的计算流体力学(CFD)模拟因强非线性及多尺度多物理场耦合而成本高昂。本文提出一种基于Transformer的流体预测建模框架,应用于往复式发动机中的高压气体注入现象。该方法采用分层视觉变压器架构(SwinV2-UNet),处理来自多精度仿真的多模态流动数据,并通过显式编码数据模态与时间增量的辅助标记进行条件控制。模型在两项任务上评估:(1)时空滚动预测,即自回归预测未来时刻的流场状态;(2)特征变换,即从已知视图推断未观测的流场。训练使用本团队生成的氩气喷射进入氮气环境的多网格分辨率、湍流模型与物态方程组合的仿真数据集。所构建的数据驱动模型能跨分辨率与模态泛化,准确预测流场演化并从有限观测中重建缺失信息。本工作展示了大规模视觉变压器如何适配于复杂流体系统的预测建模。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of complex fluid flows in energy systems are prohibitively expensive due to strong nonlinearities and multiscale-multiphysics interactions. In this work, we present a transformer-based modeling framework for prediction of fluid flows, and demonstrate it for high-pressure gas injection phenomena relevant to reciprocating engines. The approach employs a hierarchical Vision Transformer (SwinV2-UNet) architecture that processes multimodal flow datasets from multi-fidelity simulations. The model architecture is conditioned on auxiliary tokens explicitly encoding the data modality and time increment. Model performance is assessed on two different tasks: (1) spatiotemporal rollouts, where the model autoregressively predicts the flow state at future times; and (2) feature transformation, where the model infers unobserved fields/views from observed fields/views. We train separate models on multimodal datasets generated from in-house CFD simulations of argon jet injection into a nitrogen environment, encompassing multiple grid resolutions, turbulence models, and equations of state. The resulting data-driven models learn to generalize across resolutions and modalities, accurately forecasting the flow evolution and reconstructing missing flow-field information from limited views. This work demonstrates how large vision transformer-based models can be adapted to advance predictive modeling of complex fluid flow systems.
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