arXiv:2604.02706cs.RO2026-04

用神经网络增强惯性里程计,在狭窄环境里减少定位漂移。

ALIVE-LIO: Degeneracy-Aware Learning of Inertial Velocity for Enhancing ESKF-Based LiDAR-Inertial Odometry

  • 在退化场景中,用神经网络预测体坐标速度并选择性融合到卡尔曼滤波器。
  • 在32个序列中,22个表现最优,显著降低姿态漂移。
  • 适合做高精度导航的机器人或自动驾驶系统使用。

基于激光雷达与惯性测量单元(IMU)的激光雷达-惯性里程计(LIO)在长走廊、单墙等退化环境中常出现性能下降。为解决该问题,本文提出ALIVE-LIO,一种面向退化的激光雷达-惯性里程计框架,通过显式增强退化方向的状态估计能力来改善性能。核心创新在于将深度神经网络嵌入经典误差状态卡尔曼滤波器(ESKF),以补偿激光雷达可观测性的损失。具体而言,当检测到退化时,神经网络预测体坐标系下的速度,并仅在此情况下将预测结果融合进ESKF,从而在退化方向上实现有效状态更新。该设计保留了ESKF的概率结构与一致性优势,同时引入学习驱动的运动估计能力。方法在多个公开数据集及自采数据上进行验证,实验表明,ALIVE-LIO在32个序列中于22个取得最佳表现,显著减少退化环境中的位姿漂移。代码将公开发布。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Odometry estimation using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and an inertial measurement unit (IMU), known as LiDAR-inertial odometry (LIO), often suffers from performance degradation in degenerate environments, such as long corridors or single-wall scenarios with narrow field-of-view LiDAR. To address this limitation, we propose ALIVE-LIO, a degeneracy-aware LiDAR-inertial odometry framework that explicitly enhances state estimation in degenerate directions. The key contribution of ALIVE-LIO is the strategic integration of a deep neural network into a classical error-state Kalman filter (ESKF) to compensate for the loss of LiDAR observability. Specifically, ALIVE-LIO employs a neural network to predict the body-frame velocity and selectively fuses this prediction into the ESKF only when degeneracy is detected, providing effective state updates along degenerate directions. This design enables ALIVE-LIO to utilize the probabilistic structure and consistency of the ESKF while benefiting from learning-based motion estimation. The proposed method was evaluated on publicly available datasets exhibiting degeneracy, as well as on our own collected data. Experimental results demonstrate that ALIVE-LIO substantially reduces pose drift in degenerate environments, yielding the most competitive results in 22 out of 32 sequences. The implementation of ALIVE-LIO will be publicly available.

里程计神经网络退化场景卡尔曼滤波

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