要求公开模型在每道题上的详细回答,才能真实评估AI能力。
AI Evaluation Should Require Standardized Item-Level Data Releases

- 建立统一标准的题目级数据发布机制,让评估可追溯、可验证。
- 1000万条响应数据揭示了现有评测中低质题目和概念偏差问题。
- 适合关注AI评估可信度的研究者与政策制定者使用。
本文主张,标准化的题目级基准数据应成为AI评估的默认基础设施。当前评估存在题目选择不明确、概念错位和泛化能力差等问题,根源在于过度关注模型平均得分。缺乏题目级证据,就无法验证能力声称,导致夸大性能、研究方向偏差和对部署系统的不当信任。我们提出,有效评估需基于题目级模型响应的实证数据,其标准化发布应被视为核心评估基础设施。这不仅能提升透明度、可复现性和可审计性,还支持发现低质题目、识别概念错位并重建评测内部结构的有效性证据。我们构建了OpenEval,一个涵盖155,000个题目、1000万条响应的统一格式档案库,证明该范式既可行又具影响力。针对数据污染和作者负担等质疑,我们指出其成本远低于基于不可信声明做出决策的风险。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This position paper argues that standardized item-level benchmark data should become the default infrastructure for AI evaluation. Current evaluations suffer from underspecified item selection, construct misalignment, and poor generalization. The root cause of these failures is a misplaced focus on aggregate model scores. Without item-level evidence, validity claims cannot be assessed, resulting in inflated capability claims, misdirected research, and unwarranted trust in deployed systems. Our position is that designing valid evaluations requires empirical evidence from item-level model responses, and the standardized release of such data should be treated as core AI evaluation infrastructure. Such a release, in addition, enables transparency, replicability, and auditability of evaluation results. To show the norm is both feasible and consequential, we construct OpenEval, an item-level archive of 10M responses across 155k items from widely-used benchmarks, under a unified schema that the AI evaluation community can develop upon. We demonstrate how item-level data can identify low-quality items, document construct misalignment, and recover validity evidence about benchmarks' internal structure. We address objections around contamination and author burden, and show each is tractable relative to the cost of decisions made on claims that cannot be trusted.
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