用大模型让实验室设备自动运行，零编程也能做科研。
Toward Full Autonomous Laboratory Instrumentation Control with Large Language Models
- 用ChatGPT生成实验设备控制脚本，无需编程基础。
- 实现单像素相机与扫描光电流显微镜的自动化控制。
- 大模型驱动的智能体可自主优化实验策略，适合科研新手。
复杂实验室仪器的控制通常需要较强的编程能力，对缺乏计算技能的研究人员构成障碍。本文探索大型语言模型（如ChatGPT）及基于大模型的人工智能代理在科学设备高效编程与自动化中的潜力。通过一个案例研究，展示如何利用ChatGPT实现单像素相机或扫描光电流显微镜的定制化控制，显著降低实验个性化门槛。在此基础上，进一步说明大模型辅助工具可扩展为具备自主操作能力的智能体，能独立运行实验设备并迭代优化控制策略。该方法凸显了基于大模型的工具与智能体在推动实验室自动化民主化和加速科学进步方面的变革性作用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The control of complex laboratory instrumentation often requires significant programming expertise, creating a barrier for researchers lacking computational skills. This work explores the potential of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, and LLM-based artificial intelligence (AI) agents to enable efficient programming and automation of scientific equipment. Through a case study involving the implementation of a setup that can be used as a single-pixel camera or a scanning photocurrent microscope, we demonstrate how ChatGPT can facilitate the creation of custom scripts for instrumentation control, significantly reducing the technical barrier for experimental customization. Building on this capability, we further illustrate how LLM-assisted tools can be extended into autonomous AI agents capable of independently operating laboratory instruments and iteratively refining control strategies. This approach underscores the transformative role of LLM-based tools and AI agents in democratizing laboratory automation and accelerating scientific progress.
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