根据动作熵动态调整机器人执行动作的批次大小,提升灵活性与稳定性。
Adaptive Action Chunking at Inference-time for Vision-Language-Action Models

- 用动作熵作为信号,动态决定每批执行的动作数量。
- 在仿真和真实任务中,性能显著优于固定批次的基线方法。
- 适合需要快速响应又保持平稳执行的复杂机械臂操作场景。
在视觉-语言-动作(VLA)模型中,动作分块(即不中断重规划地执行一连串动作)是提升机器人操作能力的关键技术。然而,大分块会降低模型对新信息的响应速度,小分块则易引发模式跳跃和动作不连贯问题。因此,如何平衡反应性与一致性,选择最优分块大小成为迫切需求。当前多数VLA模型在推理时采用固定分块长度,限制了其在多样化操作任务中的表现与可扩展性。为此,本文提出自适应动作分块(Adaptive Action Chunking, AAC)策略,利用动作熵作为指示信号,动态调整分块大小。在多种模拟与真实世界机器人操作任务上的大量实验表明,该方法显著优于现有最先进方案。视频与源代码已公开于 https://lance-lot.github.io/adaptive-chunking.github.io/。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, action chunking (i.e., executing a sequence of actions without intermediate replanning) is a key technique to improve robotic manipulation abilities. However, a large chunk size reduces the model's responsiveness to new information, while a small one increases the likelihood of mode-jumping, jerky behavior resulting from discontinuities between chunks. Therefore, selecting the optimal chunk size is an urgent demand to balance the model's reactivity and consistency. Unfortunately, a dominant trend in current VLA models is an empirical fixed chunk length at inference-time, hindering their superiority and scalability across diverse manipulation tasks. To address this issue, we propose a novel Adaptive Action Chunking (AAC) strategy, which exploits action entropy as the cue to adaptively determine the chunk size based on current predictions. Extensive experiments on a wide range of simulated and real-world robotic manipulation tasks have demonstrated that our approach substantially improves performance over the state-of-the-art alternatives. The videos and source code are publicly available at https://lance-lot.github.io/adaptive-chunking.github.io/.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。