让智能体自动构建可复用的技能库,提升学习效率与泛化能力。
SkillX: Automatically Constructing Skill Knowledge Bases for Agents

- 通过三层技能层级自动提炼经验,形成可插拔的知识库。
- 基于执行反馈迭代优化技能,持续提升库质量,成功率提升37%。
- 主动发现新技能,扩展知识覆盖范围,适合多场景智能体使用。
学习经验对构建强大的大语言模型智能体至关重要,但现有自演化范式效率低下:智能体孤立学习,从有限经验中重复发现相似行为,导致冗余探索和泛化能力差。为此,我们提出SkillX,一个全自动框架,用于构建可跨智能体与环境复用的即插即用技能知识库。SkillX通过三个协同创新实现:(i) 多层次技能设计,将原始轨迹提炼为战略计划、功能技能和原子技能的三层结构;(ii) 迭代技能优化,基于执行反馈自动修正技能,持续提升库质量;(iii) 探索性技能扩展,主动生成并验证新技能,拓展超出初始训练数据的覆盖范围。使用强基线智能体(GLM-4.6)自动构建可复用技能库,并在长时序、用户交互式基准(AppWorld、BFCL-v3、τ²-Bench)上评估其迁移能力。实验表明,将SkillKB接入弱基线智能体后,任务成功率与执行效率均显著提升,凸显结构化、分层经验表示对通用智能体学习的重要性。代码即将开源于https://github.com/zjunlp/SkillX。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Learning from experience is critical for building capable large language model (LLM) agents, yet prevailing self-evolving paradigms remain inefficient: agents learn in isolation, repeatedly rediscover similar behaviors from limited experience, resulting in redundant exploration and poor generalization. To address this problem, we propose SkillX, a fully automated framework for constructing a \textbf{plug-and-play skill knowledge base} that can be reused across agents and environments. SkillX operates through a fully automated pipeline built on three synergistic innovations: \textit{(i) Multi-Level Skills Design}, which distills raw trajectories into three-tiered hierarchy of strategic plans, functional skills, and atomic skills; \textit{(ii) Iterative Skills Refinement}, which automatically revises skills based on execution feedback to continuously improve library quality; and \textit{(iii) Exploratory Skills Expansion}, which proactively generates and validates novel skills to expand coverage beyond seed training data. Using a strong backbone agent (GLM-4.6), we automatically build a reusable skill library and evaluate its transferability on challenging long-horizon, user-interactive benchmarks, including AppWorld, BFCL-v3, and $τ^2$-Bench. Experiments show that SkillKB consistently improves task success and execution efficiency when plugged into weaker base agents, highlighting the importance of structured, hierarchical experience representations for generalizable agent learning. Our code will be publicly available soon at https://github.com/zjunlp/SkillX.
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