arXiv:2604.05227cs.CV2026-04

用智能采样减少人工标注,高效准确估算星体空间相关性。

Active Measurement of Two-Point Correlations

  • 通过预训练分类器引导采样,动态选择最有效的点供人工标注。
  • 相比随机采样,方差降低显著,仅需少量标注即得可靠结果。
  • 适合天文学中稀有天体群的空间相关性分析,节省大量人力。

两点相关函数(2PCF)广泛用于刻画空间点的聚类特性。本文研究在大规模点集中,针对满足特定属性的子集高效测量2PCF的问题。例如天文学中,星团仅占银河系中极小部分源,需人工标注构建星表,耗时费力。我们提出一种人机协作框架,利用预训练分类器指导采样,自适应选择最具信息量的点进行人工标注。每次标注后,可同时无偏估计多个距离区间的成对计数。相比简单蒙特卡洛方法,本方法显著降低方差,大幅减少标注工作量。我们提出新型无偏估计器、采样策略及置信区间构造方法,实现天文中2PCF可扩展且统计可靠的测量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Two-point correlation functions (2PCF) are widely used to characterize how points cluster in space. In this work, we study the problem of measuring the 2PCF over a large set of points, restricted to a subset satisfying a property of interest. An example comes from astronomy, where scientists measure the 2PCF of star clusters, which make up only a tiny subset of possible sources within a galaxy. This task typically requires careful labeling of sources to construct catalogs, which is time-consuming. We present a human-in-the-loop framework for efficient estimation of 2PCF of target sources. By leveraging a pre-trained classifier to guide sampling, our approach adaptively selects the most informative points for human annotation. After each annotation, it produces unbiased estimates of pair counts across multiple distance bins simultaneously. Compared to simple Monte Carlo approaches, our method achieves substantially lower variance while significantly reducing annotation effort. We introduce a novel unbiased estimator, sampling strategy, and confidence interval construction that together enable scalable and statistically grounded measurement of two-point correlations in astronomy datasets.

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