AI不只被信任，也能引发人类的信赖或不信任关系。
Reciprocal Trust and Distrust in Artificial Intelligence Systems: The Hard Problem of Regulation
- 将AI视为具有部分能动性的对象，可与人形成互信或互疑关系。
- 指出监管者需应对人机间双向信任带来的治理难题。
- 适合关注AI伦理、政策制定与人机交互的研究者阅读。
政策制定者、科学家和公众正面临日益严峻的人工智能（AI）系统监管问题。核心议题在于AI是否可信，以及哪些因素能提升其可信度。这至关重要，因为AI系统的可信性关乎民主治理及其实现与部署。本文提出，至少在某种程度上，应将AI视为具备某种能动性的实体，能够与人类建立信任或不信任关系。文章进一步探讨了这种互信动态对监管者的启示，并揭示未来AI监管与治理中存在的重要矛盾与未解难题。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Policy makers, scientists, and the public are increasingly confronted with thorny questions about the regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. A key common thread concerns whether AI can be trusted and the factors that can make it more trustworthy in front of stakeholders and users. This is indeed crucial, as the trustworthiness of AI systems is fundamental for both democratic governance and for the development and deployment of AI. This article advances the discussion by arguing that AI systems should also be recognized, as least to some extent, as artifacts capable of exercising a form of agency, thereby enabling them to engage in relationships of trust or distrust with humans. It further examines the implications of these reciprocal trust dynamics for regulators tasked with overseeing AI systems. The article concludes by identifying key tensions and unresolved dilemmas that these dynamics pose for the future of AI regulation and governance.
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