arXiv:2604.05848cs.CLcs.AI2026-04中稿 · AIED 2026被引 3

提出用区分度评估学习者表征,无需教学结果即可判断是否适合个性化教学。

Evaluating Learner Representations for Differentiation Prior to Instructional Outcomes

  • 用成对距离衡量学习者间差异,不依赖标签或聚类。
  • 学习者级表征比交互级表征分离度更高、聚类更清晰。
  • 区分度可作部署前诊断,指导个性化模型选择。

学习者表征在教育人工智能系统中至关重要,但其在缺乏教学结果或高度依赖上下文时,能否保留学生间的有意义差异尚不明确。本文提出区分度(distinctiveness)这一表征层面的评估指标,通过成对距离衡量每个学习者与群体的差异,无需聚类、标签或任务特定评估。基于在线学习环境中通过对话式AI收集的学生自创问题数据,比较个体问题表征与跨时间交互模式聚合表征。结果显示,学习者级表征在分离度、聚类结构和配对判别能力上均优于交互级表征。研究证明,学习者表征可独立于教学结果进行评估,并提供以区分度为诊断指标的实用预部署标准,用于判断表征是否支持差异化建模与个性化。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Learner representations play a central role in educational AI systems, yet it is often unclear whether they preserve meaningful differences between students when instructional outcomes are unavailable or highly context-dependent. This work examines how to evaluate learner representations based on whether they retain separation between learners under a shared comparison rule. We introduce distinctiveness, a representation-level measure that evaluates how each learner differs from others in the cohort using pairwise distances, without requiring clustering, labels, or task-specific evaluation. Using student-authored questions collected through a conversational AI agent in an online learning environment, we compare representations based on individual questions with representations that aggregate patterns across a student's interactions over time. Results show that learner-level representations yield higher separation, stronger clustering structure, and more reliable pairwise discrimination than interaction-level representations. These findings demonstrate that learner representations can be evaluated independently of instructional outcomes and provide a practical pre-deployment criterion using distinctiveness as a diagnostic metric for assessing whether a representation supports differentiated modeling or personalization.

教育AI学习者表征个性化

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