arXiv:2604.06694cs.SD2026-04被引 1

针对音频大模型推理中的缓存占用问题,提出高效动态分配策略。

AudioKV: KV Cache Eviction in Efficient Large Audio Language Models

论文配图:AudioKV: KV Cache Eviction in Efficient Large Audio Language Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过分析语音任务注意力分数,识别关键音频头并优先分配缓存
  • 在40%压缩比下,Qwen3-Omni-30B仅损失0.45%准确率
  • 适用于需长音频处理的语音大模型部署场景

大型音频语言模型(LALMs)在语音处理中创下新基准,但长上下文推理时键值(KV)缓存的内存开销阻碍了其部署。尽管通用的KV缓存压缩技术在大语言模型中表现良好,但在音频领域常因忽视声学信号的内在时间连续性而失效。为此,我们提出AudioKV,一种通过硬件友好的语义-声学对齐机制,稳健地优先保留音频关键注意力头的新框架。具体而言,我们通过分析语音识别任务中的注意力分数,识别出模态专用的注意力头,并动态优先分配KV缓存预算。此外,引入基于FFT的全局滤波策略——频谱得分平滑(SSS),有效抑制高频噪声,恢复重要性得分的平滑全局趋势,实现更均衡、高精度的令牌选择。在多个LALM模型(包括Qwen和Gemma系列)上的大量评估表明,AudioKV显著优于基线方法,同时提升计算效率。值得注意的是,在40%压缩比下,AudioKV在Qwen3-Omni-30B上仅产生0.45%的准确率下降,而传统方法则出现灾难性性能退化与重复现象。代码将在论文录用后公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have set new benchmarks in speech processing, yet their deployment is hindered by the memory footprint of the Key-Value (KV) cache during long-context inference. While general KV cache compression techniques excel in LLMs, they often fail in the audio domain by overlooking the intrinsic temporal continuity of acoustic signals. To bridge this gap, we propose AudioKV, a novel framework that robustly prioritizes audio-critical attention heads through a hardware-friendly semantic-acoustic alignment mechanism. Specifically, we identify these modality-specialized heads by analyzing attention scores in ASR tasks and dynamically allocate KV cache budgets preferentially to them. Furthermore, we introduce Spectral Score Smoothing (SSS), an FFT-based global filtering strategy designed to suppress high-frequency noise and recover smooth global trends from importance scores, ensuring more balanced token selection with unprecedented precision. Extensive evaluations across multiple LALMs, including Qwen and Gemma series, demonstrate that AudioKV significantly outperforms baselines while enhancing computational efficiency. Notably, at a 40% compression ratio, AudioKV maintains near-full accuracy on Qwen3-Omni-30B with only a 0.45% drop, whereas traditional methods suffer from catastrophic performance degradation and repetition. Our code will be released after acceptance.

音频模型缓存优化大模型推理

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