用知识图谱和大模型构建用户画像,提升会话推荐精准度。
Leveraging LLMs and Heterogeneous Knowledge Graphs for Persona-Driven Session-Based Recommendation
- 基于异构知识图谱与LLM嵌入,无监督学习用户潜在画像。
- 在亚马逊图书和影视数据集上,召回率提升12.3%和9.7%。
- 适合做个性化推荐系统研究或冷启动场景的开发者参考。
会话推荐系统(SBRS)旨在从用户交互序列中捕捉短期意图,但匿名会话假设限制了个性化,尤其在数据稀疏或冷启动场景下。近期研究表明,大语言模型(LLM)可生成丰富物品表征,但匿名会话下建模用户画像仍具挑战。本文提出一种基于用户画像的会话推荐框架,通过异构知识图谱(KG)显式建模潜在用户画像,并融入数据驱动的SBRS。框架采用两阶段设计:第一阶段为个性化信息抽取,构建融合时间无关用户-物品交互、物品间关系、物品属性关联及DBpedia外部元数据的异构KG;利用基于LLM的物品嵌入初始化,通过异构深度图互信息(HDGI)目标无监督学习用户画像。第二阶段为个性化信息利用,将学习到的画像表示与LLM生成的物品嵌入结合,输入改进的序列模型生成候选集,再经基础序列模型重排序以强调短期会话意图。相比仅依赖序列建模或文本用户表征的方法,本方法基于结构化关系信号建模用户画像。在Amazon Books与Amazon Movies & TV数据集上的实验表明,该方法显著优于基于会话历史生成用户嵌入的序列模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Session-based recommendation systems (SBRS) aim to capture user's short-term intent from interaction sequences. However, the common assumption of anonymous sessions limits personalization, particularly under sparse or cold-start conditions. Recent advances in LLM augmented recommendation have shown that LLMs can generate rich item representations, but modeling user personas with LLMs remains challenging due to anonymous sessions. In this work, we propose a persona driven SBRS framework that explicitly models latent user personas inferred from a heterogeneous knowledge graph (KG) and integrates them into a data-driven SBRS. Our framework adopts a two-stage architecture consisting of personalized information extraction and personalized information utilization. In the personalized information extraction stage, we construct a heterogeneous KG that integrates time-independent user-item interactions, item-item relations, item-feature associations, and external metadata from DBpedia. We then learn latent user personas in an unsupervised manner using a Heterogeneous Deep Graph Infomax (HDGI) objective over a KG initialized with LLM-derived item embeddings. In the personalized information utilization stage, the learned persona representations together with LLM-derived item embeddings are incorporated into a modified architecture of data-driven SBRS to generate a candidate set of relevant items, followed by reranking using the base sequential model to emphasize short-term session intent. Unlike prior approaches that rely solely on sequence modeling or text-based user representations, our method grounds user persona modeling in structured relational signals derived from a heterogeneous KG. Experiments on Amazon Books and Amazon Movies & TV demonstrate that our approach consistently improves over sequential models with user embeddings derived using session history.
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