arXiv:2604.07681cs.AI2026-04被引 1

用多智能体架构让大模型高效调度超算,实现材料筛选的自动并行化。

Multi-Agent Orchestration for High-Throughput Materials Screening on a Leadership-Class System

  • 分层多智能体设计,规划器分配任务,执行器并行运行,突破单线程瓶颈。
  • 在阿留申超算上完成对CoRE MOF数据库的高通量筛选,任务完成率高、开销低。
  • 适合需要大规模自动化计算的材料发现与科学计算研究者使用。

人工智能与高性能计算的融合正推动科学工作流从人工主导转向自主决策系统。大语言模型在自主工作流中发挥关键作用,但其大规模部署仍面临挑战。单智能体架构和顺序工具调用在执行大规模模拟任务时易形成串行瓶颈,难以利用百亿亿级算力的并行潜力。为此,我们提出一种可扩展的分层多智能体框架,用于协调高通量筛选任务。该框架采用规划-执行架构,由中央规划智能体动态划分任务,并分配给一组并行执行智能体。所有执行智能体通过共享的模型上下文协议(MCP)服务器接入,由Parsl工作流引擎统一调度。为验证该框架,我们采用开源权重gpt-oss-120b模型,对计算就绪实验(CoRE)金属有机框架(MOF)数据库进行大气水捕获性能的高通量筛选。结果表明,该智能体框架可在阿留申超算上实现高效可扩展执行,具有低调度开销和高任务完成率。本工作建立了一种适用于超算环境的LLM驱动科学自动化范式,具备广泛应用于材料发现等领域的能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with High-Performance Computing (HPC) is transforming scientific workflows from human-directed pipelines into adaptive systems capable of autonomous decision-making. Large language models (LLMs) play a critical role in autonomous workflows; however, deploying LLM-based agents at scale remains a significant challenge. Single-agent architectures and sequential tool calls often become serialization bottlenecks when executing large-scale simulation campaigns, failing to utilize the massive parallelism of exascale resources. To address this, we present a scalable, hierarchical multi-agent framework for orchestrating high-throughput screening campaigns. Our planner-executor architecture employs a central planning agent to dynamically partition workloads and assign subtasks to a swarm of parallel executor agents. All executor agents interface with a shared Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that orchestrates tasks via the Parsl workflow engine. To demonstrate this framework, we employed the open-weight gpt-oss-120b model to orchestrate a high-throughput screening of the Computation-Ready Experimental (CoRE) Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) database for atmospheric water harvesting. The results demonstrate that the proposed agentic framework enables efficient and scalable execution on the Aurora supercomputer, with low orchestration overhead and high task completion rates. This work establishes a flexible paradigm for LLM-driven scientific automation on HPC systems, with broad applicability to materials discovery and beyond.

多智能体材料发现超算自动化

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