用长期嵌入稳定用户偏好,解决推荐模型的短期偏见问题。
Long-Term Embeddings for Balanced Personalization
- 引入长期嵌入作为固定语义锚点,平衡短期行为与长期偏好。
- 在Zalando线上测试中,提升用户参与度和商业指标。
- 解决版本不一致问题,确保离线训练与在线部署一致。
现代基于Transformer的序列推荐系统擅长捕捉短期意图,但常受近期偏见影响,忽视稳定的长期偏好。尽管延长序列是直观解法,却计算效率低,且近期交互过度主导模型注意力。本文提出长期嵌入(LTE),作为高惯性上下文锚点以弥合这一差距。针对生产中的关键挑战——因特征存储仅保留单一“实时”版本导致的版本一致性问题,该问题引发模型部署与回滚时的离线-在线偏差。为此,我们设计了LTE框架,将嵌入约束于基于内容的固定语义基,确保跨版本兼容性。此外,研究了因果语言建模的集成策略,避免长期嵌入与短序列共享时间窗口引发的数据泄露。评估两种表示:启发式平均与基于固定解码器的非对称自编码器,后者支持行为微调同时保持稳定性。在Zalando的线上A/B测试中,采用滞后窗口的LTE作为上下文前缀,显著提升用户参与度与财务指标。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modern transformer-based sequential recommenders excel at capturing short-term intent but often suffer from recency bias, overlooking stable long-term preferences. While extending sequence lengths is an intuitive fix, it is computationally inefficient, and recent interactions tend to dominate the model's attention. We propose Long-Term Embeddings (LTE) as a high-inertia contextual anchor to bridge this gap. We address a critical production challenge: the point-in-time consistency problem caused by infrastructure constraints, as feature stores typically host only a single "live" version of features. This leads to an offline-online mismatch during model deployments and rollbacks, as models are forced to process evolved representations they never saw during training. To resolve this, we introduce an LTE framework that constrains embeddings to a fixed semantic basis of content-based item representations, ensuring cross-version compatibility. Furthermore, we investigate integration strategies for causal language modeling, considering the data leakage issue that occurs when the LTE and the transformer's short-term sequence share a temporal horizon. We evaluate two representations: a heuristic average and an asymmetric autoencoder with a fixed decoder grounded in the semantic basis to enable behavioral fine-tuning while maintaining stability. Online A/B tests on Zalando demonstrate that integrating LTE as a contextual prefix token using a lagged window yields significant uplifts in both user engagement and financial metrics.
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