让软体机器人材料刚度连续可调,提升设计性能。
EvoGymCM: Harnessing Continuous Material Stiffness for Soft Robot Co-Design
- 提出连续材料刚度作为设计变量,突破离散限制。
- 在多种任务中实现性能提升,激发多维度协同效应。
- 适配可编程与传统材料,支持真实场景应用。
在软体机器人的自动化协同设计中,精确适应任务环境的材料刚度分布对释放其物理潜力至关重要。然而,主流平台(如EvoGym)严格离散化材料维度,人为限制了设计空间和性能表现。为此,我们提出EvoGymCM(EvoGym with Continuous Materials),一个基准套件,正式将连续材料刚度作为与形态和控制并列的一类核心设计变量。该平台基于真实材料机制,引入两种设定:(i) EvoGymCM-R(反应型),受可编程材料动态调节刚度的启发;(ii) EvoGymCM-I(不变型),对应传统材料刚度场固定的情况。为应对由此带来的高维耦合问题,我们提出两种协同设计范式:(i) 反应型材料协同设计,学习实时刚度调节策略以指导可编程材料;(ii) 不变型材料协同设计,联合优化形态与固定材料场以指导传统材料制造。在多样化任务上的系统实验表明,连续材料优化显著提升性能,并激发形态、材料与控制之间的协同增益。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In the automated co-design of soft robots, precisely adapting the material stiffness field to task environments is crucial for unlocking their full physical potential. However, mainstream platforms (e.g., EvoGym) strictly discretize the material dimension, artificially restricting the design space and performance of soft robots. To address this, we propose EvoGymCM (EvoGym with Continuous Materials), a benchmark suite formally establishing continuous material stiffness as a first-class design variable alongside morphology and control. Aligning with real-world material mechanisms, EvoGymCM introduces two settings: (i) EvoGymCM-R (Reactive), motivated by programmable materials with dynamically tunable stiffness; and (ii) EvoGymCM-I (Invariant), motivated by traditional materials with invariant stiffness fields. To tackle the resulting high-dimensional coupling, we formulate two Morphology-Material-Control co-design paradigms: (i) Reactive-Material Co-Design, which learns real-time stiffness tuning policies to guide programmable materials; and (ii) Invariant-Material Co-Design, which jointly optimizes morphology and fixed material fields to guide traditional material fabrication. Systematic experiments across diverse tasks demonstrate that continuous material optimization boosts performance and unlocks synergy across morphology, material, and control.
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