arXiv:2604.08586cs.LGcs.AI2026-04被引 2

用生成模型直接在非结构网格上建模流体,无需预处理即可高精度预测。

FluidFlow: a flow-matching generative model for fluid dynamics surrogates on unstructured meshes

论文配图:FluidFlow: a flow-matching generative model for fluid dynamics surrogates on unstructured meshes
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于条件流匹配,直接处理非结构网格的流体数据。
  • 在机翼和三维飞机几何上均显著优于传统模型,误差更低。
  • 适合需要高保真、跨工况泛化的工程仿真场景。

计算流体动力学(CFD)虽能提供高保真流场模拟,但多查询应用中计算成本过高。近年来,深度学习被用于构建数据驱动的流体代理模型。本文提出一种新范式:采用生成建模框架构建可扩展的流体代理模型。我们引入FluidFlow,一种基于条件流匹配的生成模型,该方法通过学习噪声与数据分布间的确定性映射,替代传统扩散模型。FluidFlow可直接在结构化与非结构化网格上的CFD数据上运行,无需网格插值预处理,保持几何保真度。我们使用U-Net与扩散变压器(DiT)两种核心网络架构,以物理意义明确的参数为条件进行训练。在两个基准问题上验证:不同工况下机翼边界压力系数预测,以及大规模非结构化网格上的三维飞机全表面压力与摩擦系数预测。结果表明,FluidFlow显著优于强基线多层感知机模型,在误差指标与跨工况泛化能力上均有提升。值得注意的是,基于变压器的架构可在大规模非结构化数据上实现可扩展学习并保持高预测精度。这些结果证明,流匹配生成模型为流体动力学代理建模提供了高效且灵活的框架,具备真实工程与科学应用潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides high-fidelity simulations of fluid flows but remains computationally expensive for many-query applications. In recent years deep learning (DL) has been used to construct data-driven fluid-dynamic surrogate models. In this work we consider a different learning paradigm and embrace generative modelling as a framework for constructing scalable fluid-dynamics surrogate models. We introduce FluidFlow, a generative model based on conditional flow-matching, a recent alternative to diffusion models that learns deterministic transport maps between noise and data distributions. FluidFlow is specifically designed to operate directly on CFD data defined on both structured and unstructured meshes alike, without the needs to perform any mesh interpolation pre-processing and preserving geometric fidelity. We assess the capabilities of FluidFlow using two different core neural network architectures, a U-Net and diffusion transformer (DiT), and condition their learning on physically meaningful parameters. The methodology is validated on two benchmark problems of increasing complexity: prediction of pressure coefficients along an airfoil boundary across different operating conditions, and prediction of pressure and friction coefficients over a full three-dimensional aircraft geometry discretized on a large unstructured mesh. In both cases, FluidFlow outperform strong multilayer perceptron baselines, achieving significantly lower error metrics and improved generalisation across operating conditions. Notably, the transformer-based architecture enables scalable learning on large unstructured datasets while maintaining high predictive accuracy. These results demonstrate that flow-matching generative models provide an effective and flexible framework for surrogate modelling in fluid dynamics, with potential for realistic engineering and scientific applications.

生成模型流体模拟非结构网格代理模型

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