用深度学习加速放疗剂量计算,实现高精度实时生成。
A Fast and Generic Energy-Shifting Transformer for Hybrid Monte Carlo Radiotherapy Calculation

- 通过能量迁移学习,从单能输入生成复杂多能剂量分布。
- 在前列腺放疗中达98%以上通过率(3%/3mm),速度满足实时需求。
- 适合需要快速精准剂量计算的自适应放疗场景。
我们提出一种名为能量迁移的新型学习框架,用于加速蒙特卡洛(MC)剂量计算。该方法利用深度学习,直接从相同束流配置下的简单单能输入合成复杂的多能剂量分布。与依赖噪声低计数剂量图的传统去噪技术不同,本方法通过整合高保真解剖纹理和源特异性束流相似性,显著提升对未见数据集的跨域泛化能力。我们设计了新型3D架构TransUNetSE3D,结合Transformer块捕捉全局上下文与残差挤压-激励(SE)模块进行通道自适应重校准。这些层级特征融合至网络潜在空间,与主剂量图参数共同作用,实现物理感知重建。该混合设计在空间精度与结构保持上优于现有UNet及Transformer基准模型,同时满足实时使用所需执行速度。在包含6MV TrueBeam直线加速器的治疗计划系统框架下评估,其伽马通过率超过98%(3%/3mm),为自适应放疗中的快速体积剂量计算提供可靠解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce a novel learning framework for accelerated Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation termed Energy-Shifting. This approach leverages deep learning to synthesize highly complex polyenergetic dose distributions directly from simple monoenergetic inputs under identical beam configurations. Unlike conventional denoising techniques, which rely on noisy low-count dose maps that compromise beam profile integrity, our method achieves superior cross-domain generalization on unseen datasets by integrating high-fidelity anatomical textures and source-specific beam similarity into the model's input space. Furthermore, we propose a novel 3D architecture termed TransUNetSE3D, featuring Transformer blocks for global context and Residual Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) modules for adaptive channel-wise feature recalibration. Hierarchical representations of these blocks are fused into the network's latent space alongside the primary dose-map parameters, allowing physics-aware reconstruction. This hybrid design outperforms existing UNet and Transformer-based benchmarks in both spatial precision and structural preservation, while maintaining the execution speed necessary for real-time use. Our proposed pipeline achieves a Gamma Passing Rate exceeding 98% (3%/3mm) compared to the MC reference, evaluated within the framework of a treatment planning system (TPS) using 6MV TrueBeam Lineac Accelerator (LINAC) for prostate radiotherapy. These results offer a robust solution for fast volumetric dosimetry in adaptive radiotherapy.
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