GPU加速非傅里叶SENSE重建，提升高精度成像速度与稳定性。
A GPU-enhanced workflow for non-Fourier SENSE reconstruction
- 基于GPU优化的非傅里叶SENSE重建流程，支持快速计算。
- 在2D/3D螺旋数据上实现最高7倍欠采样，读出时间达71.5ms。
- 适用于高场MRI中复杂敏感度与失谐场建模，适合医学影像研究者。
目的：在挑战性成像场景中，需精确表征线圈敏感度、局部失谐（B0）及有效编码场。利用这些信息的重建方法依赖于不兼容经典傅里叶/k空间解释的信号模型，因此无法使用FFT及相关技术，导致重建计算成本高昂。方法：本文提出一套完整的处理流程，包含准确的敏感度与B0映射，并提供适用于GPU执行的非傅里叶SENSE重建实现。分析并记录了停止准则及图像伪影来源等实际问题。结果：在二维和三维螺旋数据集上实现了高性能重建，轨迹读出时间最长达71.5ms，欠采样因子最高为R=7。GPU运行显著提升重建速度。适时停止重建对图像质量至关重要。所有方法均开源。结论：该非傅里叶SENSE重建实现性能优异，结合GPU后运行时间达到实用水平。所提工作流确保了线圈敏感度与失谐图的鲁棒、精确计算。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Purpose: Image reconstruction in challenging scenarios requires accurate characterisations of coil sensitivity profiles, local off-resonances (B0) and effective encoding fields. Reconstruction methods utilising all of this information rely on signal models that are not compatible with the classical Fourier/k-space interpretation of the coil data. Hence, the FFT and related techniques are no more applicable, rendering image reconstruction computationally demanding. Methods: This article contains a workflow for accurate sensitivity and B0 mapping as well as other required processing steps. An implementation of non-Fourier SENSE reconstruction is provide that is well suited for execution on a GPU using the FFT. Important practical aspects like stopping criteria and sources of image artifacts are analyzed and documented. Results: Highly performant image reconstruction could be demonstrated on a 2D and 3D spiral dataset. These datasets contain trajectories featuring readout durations up to 71.5ms and undersampling factors up to R = 7. Running the reconstruction on a GPU greatly boosts reconstruction speed. Stopping the reconstruction at the right moment is crucial for image quality. All methods included in this article are available in a public code repository. Conclusion: The provided implementation of non-Fourier SENSE reconstruction is highly performant. When it is executed on GPU, runtimes reach a duration feasible in practice. The presented workflow ensures robust and accurate computation of coil sensitive profiles and off-resonance maps.
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