arXiv:2604.09288cs.LG2026-04

解决多视角分类中不确定性不可比问题,统一路由提升可信度

Are Independently Estimated View Uncertainties Comparable? Unified Routing for Trusted Multi-View Classification

  • 用统一路由融合多视角证据,避免分支间尺度偏差
  • 通过协同专家和软负载均衡,实现更均衡的专家分工
  • 理论证明独立估计不确定性无法对齐跨视角尺度

可信多视角分类通常依赖各视角独立生成类别证据与不确定性,再聚合决策。但此设计隐含假设:不同视角的证据在数值上可比。实际上,由于特征空间、噪声水平与语义粒度差异,且各分支仅优化预测准确率,缺乏跨视角证据强度一致性约束,导致融合时不确定性易受分支特有尺度偏移影响。为此,提出可信多视角统一路由(TMUR):将视图专属证据提取与全局融合仲裁解耦,采用视图私有专家与一个协同专家,由统一路由器基于全局多视角上下文生成样本级专家权重。软负载均衡与多样性正则化进一步促进专家均衡使用与判别性分化。理论分析表明,独立证据监督无法确定跨视角一致的证据尺度,当可靠性依赖样本时,全局路由优于分支局部仲裁。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Trusted multi-view classification typically relies on a view-wise evidential fusion process: each view independently produces class evidence and uncertainty, and the final prediction is obtained by aggregating these independent opinions. While this design is modular and uncertainty-aware, it implicitly assumes that evidence from different views is numerically comparable. In practice, however, this assumption is fragile. Different views often differ in feature space, noise level, and semantic granularity, while independently trained branches are optimized only for prediction correctness, without any constraint enforcing cross-view consistency in evidence strength. As a result, the uncertainty used for fusion can be dominated by branch-specific scale bias rather than true sample-level reliability. To address this issue, we propose Trusted Multi-view learning with Unified Routing (TMUR), which decouples view-specific evidence extraction from fusion arbitration. TMUR uses view-private experts and one collaborative expert, and employs a unified router that observes the global multi-view context to generate sample-level expert weights. Soft load-balancing and diversity regularization further encourage balanced expert utilization and more discriminative expert specialization. We also provide theoretical analysis showing why independent evidential supervision does not identify a common cross-view evidence scale, and why unified global routing is preferable to branch-local arbitration when reliability is sample-dependent.

多视角学习不确定性建模可信推理

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