arXiv:2604.09349cs.CVcs.AI2026-04ACL被引 10

提升视觉语言模型的视觉注意力,增强多模态推理能力。

Visually-Guided Policy Optimization for Multimodal Reasoning

论文配图:Visually-Guided Policy Optimization for Multimodal Reasoning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用视觉相似性补偿注意力,动态增强视觉线索。
  • 在10步推理中视觉激活率提升37.2%,数学任务准确率提高5.8%。
  • 适合需要强视觉依赖的多模态任务研究者使用。

基于可验证奖励的强化学习(RLVR)显著提升了视觉语言模型(VLMs)的推理能力。然而,VLM固有的文本主导特性常导致视觉忠实度不足,表现为对视觉标记的关注稀疏。更重要的是,实证分析显示,推理过程中的时间性视觉遗忘进一步加剧了这一缺陷。为此,我们提出视觉引导策略优化(VGPO),在策略优化过程中强化视觉关注。具体而言,VGPO首先引入视觉注意力补偿机制,利用视觉相似性定位并放大视觉线索,同时逐步提高后续步骤的视觉期望以对抗视觉遗忘。在此基础上,我们设计双粒度优势重加权策略:轨迹内层面突出相对高视觉激活的标记,轨迹间层面优先选择视觉累积表现更优的轨迹。大量实验表明,VGPO在数学多模态推理和视觉依赖任务中均实现更强的视觉激活与更优性能。代码已开源至https://github.com/wzb-bupt/VGPO。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has significantly advanced the reasoning ability of vision-language models (VLMs). However, the inherent text-dominated nature of VLMs often leads to insufficient visual faithfulness, characterized by sparse attention activation to visual tokens. More importantly, our empirical analysis reveals that temporal visual forgetting along reasoning steps exacerbates this deficiency. To bridge this gap, we propose Visually-Guided Policy Optimization (VGPO), a novel framework to reinforce visual focus during policy optimization. Specifically, VGPO initially introduces a Visual Attention Compensation mechanism that leverages visual similarity to localize and amplify visual cues, while progressively elevating visual expectations in later steps to counteract visual forgetting. Building on this mechanism, we implement a dual-grained advantage re-weighting strategy: the intra-trajectory level highlights tokens exhibiting relatively high visual activation, while the inter-trajectory level prioritizes trajectories demonstrating superior visual accumulation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that VGPO achieves better visual activation and superior performance in mathematical multimodal reasoning and visual-dependent tasks. The code has been released at https://github.com/wzb-bupt/VGPO.

多模态推理视觉注意力强化学习视觉语言模型

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。