arXiv:2604.09993cs.ROmath.OC2026-04中稿 · ICRA

提出新方法实现高效足式机器人运动规划,避免遗漏接触事件且加速求解。

GPU-Accelerated Continuous-Time Successive Convexification for Contact-Implicit Legged Locomotion

论文配图:GPU-Accelerated Continuous-Time Successive Convexification for Contact-Implicit Legged Locomotion
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 引入积分互补约束,避免离散节点间漏判接触事件。
  • 在MuJoCo上优化扭矩轨迹,能耗降低且运动更物理一致。
  • 基于GPU加速和自定义解析器,求解速度比现有方法快10倍以上。

接触隐式轨迹优化(CITO)可自动发现接触序列,但传统方法依赖精细时间离散以准确捕捉所有接触事件,导致问题规模与计算时间增加,并受限于网格分辨率。本文将连续时间逐次凸化(ct-SCvx)扩展至CITO,通过引入积分互补约束,在保持接触模式灵活切换的同时,避免离散节点间遗漏接触事件。所提框架(ci-SCvx)以最大坐标建模完整多体动力学,包含粘滑摩擦与部分弹性碰撞。为处理互补约束,嵌入回溯同伦法以保障收敛性。我们开发了独立的Python软件,利用JAX实现GPU加速,并设计专用规范形式解析器处理SCP子问题,避免通用建模工具(如CVXPY)开销。在多种足式运动任务中验证该方法。尤其在MuJoCo的Gymnasium HalfCheetah模型上,与MuJoCo MPC基线对比,优化后的扭矩轨迹生成的追踪仿真具有物理一致性且能耗更低。结果表明,该软件求解速度较现有最优SCP实现快一个数量级以上,显著提升实时轨迹优化的可扩展性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Contact-implicit trajectory optimization (CITO) enables the automatic discovery of contact sequences, but most methods rely on fine time discretization to capture all contact events accurately, which increases problem size and runtime while tying solution quality to grid resolution. We extend the recently proposed sequential convex programming (SCP) approach for trajectory optimization, continuous-time successive convexification (ct-SCvx), to CITO by introducing integral cross-complementarity constraints, which eliminate the risk of missing contact events between discretization nodes while preserving the flexibility of contact mode changes. The resulting framework, contact-implicit successive convexification (ci-SCvx), models full multibody dynamics in maximal coordinates, including stick-slip friction and partially elastic impacts. To handle complementarity constraints, we embed a backtracking homotopy scheme within SCP for reliable convergence. We implement this framework in a stand-alone Python software, leveraging JAX for GPU acceleration and a custom canonical-form parser for the convex subproblems of SCP to avoid the overhead of general-purpose modeling tools such as CVXPY. We demonstrate ci-SCvx on diverse legged-locomotion tasks. In particular, we validate the approach in MuJoCo with the Gymnasium HalfCheetah model against the MuJoCo MPC baseline, showing that a tracking simulation with the optimized torque profiles from ci-SCvx produces physically consistent trajectories with lesser energy consumption. We also show that the resulting software achieves faster solve times than existing state-of-the-art SCP implementations by over an order of magnitude, thereby demonstrating a practically important contribution to scalable real-time trajectory optimization.

机器人运动规划轨迹优化GPU加速接触建模

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