arXiv:2604.10054cs.LGcs.SD2026-04

提出新型去噪网络,提升低信噪比下调制识别准确率。

Cross-Validated Cross-Channel Self-Attention and Denoising for Automatic Modulation Classification

论文配图:Cross-Validated Cross-Channel Self-Attention and Denoising for Automatic Modulation Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用跨通道自注意力捕捉正交分量关联,保留关键特征。
  • 在-8dB至+2dB区间平均准确率提升3%~14%。
  • 适合通信系统中噪声干扰下的调制识别任务。

针对深度学习自动调制分类(AMC)模型在高信噪比(SNR)下表现良好但在噪声环境下性能下降的问题,本文提出一种保留特征的去噪方法,以缓解调制类别区分度损失。设计了一种融合跨通道自注意力模块与双路径深度残差收缩去噪块的AMC模型,用于捕捉同相与正交分量间的依赖关系并抑制噪声。基于RML2018.01a数据集,在24种调制类型和26个SNR水平上采用分层采样进行实验。结果表明,去噪深度显著影响低中频段鲁棒性。相比基准模型PET-CGDNN、MCLDNN和DAE,本模型在-8 dB至+2 dB SNR范围内分别实现3%、2.3%和14%的准确率提升。交叉验证显示模型平均准确率为62.6%,宏平均精确率为65.8%,宏平均召回率为62.6%,宏平均F1为62.9%。该架构通过将基带建模形式化为正交子问题,并引入跨通道注意力作为广义复数交互算子,推动了抗干扰调制分类发展,消融实验确认特征保留型去噪对低中频段鲁棒性的关键作用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This study addresses a key limitation in deep learning Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) models, which perform well at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) but degrade under noisy conditions due to conventional feature extraction suppressing both discriminative structure and interference. The goal was to develop a feature-preserving denoising method that mitigates the loss of modulation class separation. A deep learning AMC model was proposed, incorporating a cross-channel self-attention block to capture dependencies between in-phase and quadrature components, along with dual-path deep residual shrinkage denoising blocks to suppress noise. Experiments using the RML2018.01a dataset employed stratified sampling across 24 modulation types and 26 SNR levels. Results showed that denoising depth strongly influences robustness at low and moderate SNRs. Compared to benchmark models PET-CGDNN, MCLDNN, and DAE, the proposed model achieved notable accuracy improvements across -8 dB to +2 dB SNR, with increases of 3%, 2.3%, and 14%, respectively. Cross-validation confirmed the model's robustness, yielding a mean accuracy of 62.6%, macro precision of 65.8%, macro-recall of 62.6%, and macro-F1 score of 62.9%. The architecture advances interference-aware AMC by formalizing baseband modeling as orthogonal subproblems and introducing cross-channel attention as a generalized complex interaction operator, with ablations confirming the critical role of feature-preserving denoising for robustness at low-to-medium SNR.

调制识别去噪自注意力

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